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Outcomes and factors contributing to poor prognosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative patients: a cross-sectional retrospective study in a Chinese single center

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Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection mainly occurring in immunocompromised patients. Almost half of the 30 HIV-negative patients enrolled in this study from 2016–2020 in a Chinese single-center contracted 17 hematological malignancies, and 25 received long-term systemic corticosteroids. Only 4 patients received prophylaxis. The overall mortality was 30%. Patients with older age (> 43 years), dyspnea, and LDH > 404U/L had significantly higher risk of developing into a severe form. LDH > 424 U/L, PaO2 < 60 mmHg, monocyte < 0.2 × 10^9/L, and lymphocyte < 0.3 × 10^9/L were factors contributing to a poor survival outcome.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Youth Development Program (20QNPY076) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (grant number BK20210148).

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Author notes

  1. Ju Zhang, Xingcheng Sun, and Jian Xu equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

    Ju Zhang, Xiaodan Gu, Qian Chen, Jie Gao & Xia Xu

  2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

    Xingcheng Sun

  3. Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

    Jian Xu

  4. National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China

    Ti Zhang

Authors
  1. Ju Zhang
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  2. Xingcheng Sun
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  3. Jian Xu
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  4. Xiaodan Gu
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  5. Qian Chen
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  6. Jie Gao
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  7. Xia Xu
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  8. Ti Zhang
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Contributions

Conceptualization and design: T.Z., X.X. Data curation: J.Z., X.C.S., J.X. Formal analysis: J.Z., X.D.G. Investigation: Q.C., J.G. Methodology: T.Z., J.Z. Validation: X.X. Writing: T.Z. Supervision: T.Z.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xia Xu or Ti Zhang.

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Ethics approval

Our study was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Changhai Hospital.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhang, J., Sun, X., Xu, J. et al. Outcomes and factors contributing to poor prognosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative patients: a cross-sectional retrospective study in a Chinese single center. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 42, 109–112 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-022-04518-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-022-04518-0

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