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Universal screening for hepatitis C — in for a penny, in for a pound

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Abstract

Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem. In fact, chronic HCV is a leading cause of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death from liver disease in most countries. The advent of highly effective oral direct-acting antiviral therapy is the most significant advance in the treatment of HCV in decades and now allows us to cure chronic HCV. However, a large number of infected patients have not been diagnosed since hepatitis C is a largely asymptomatic disease. Thus, it is fundamental to improve the screening system in order to identify individuals who are currently infected and to treat them. Risk-based hepatitis C testing and birth cohort screening have had limited success and many patients living with the infection are not aware of their status. Universal screening for HCV is a tremendous improvement compared with the previous strategies. Indeed, global screening leads to the appropriate identification and treatment of all individuals chronically infected with HCV and prevents the progression of liver disease and the associated morbidity and mortality. In addition, universal HCV testing appears to be cost-effective. In this article, we review the current barriers to HCV eradication and the different strategies for HCV infection screening.

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  1. Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal

    Isabel Garrido & Guilherme Macedo

  2. World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) Porto Training Center, Porto, Portugal

    Isabel Garrido & Guilherme Macedo

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  1. Isabel Garrido
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  2. Guilherme Macedo
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Isabel Garrido drafted the manuscript. Isabel Garrido and Guilherme Macedo have critically revised and finalized the manuscript. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Isabel Garrido.

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Garrido, I., Macedo, G. Universal screening for hepatitis C — in for a penny, in for a pound. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 41, 341–347 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-021-04395-z

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