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Screening and evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnostic antigens

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases volume 39, pages 1959–1970 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

In recent years, the prevalence of tuberculosis worldwide has increased, and with it, the number of drug-resistant tuberculosis strains. This has brought new challenges towards prevention and control of the disease. Therefore, it is urgent to find reliable and rapid diagnostic methods for tuberculosis in general, and for the drug-resistant forms of the disease. To this aim, we assessed 17 tuberculosis-specific protein candidates for the detection of tuberculosis-specific antibodies. First, we established an indirect ELISA method to detect anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis IgM and IgG. We tested 453 sera and analyzed the efficacy of the protein candidates for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Next, we screened antigens rich in T cell epitopes for their ability to induce high levels of IFN-γ, in order to define their suitability does develop detection tests based on IFN-γ release assay (IGRAs). The antigens CFP-10, PPE57, 38kDa, and Rv3807 showed higher diagnostic potential for the detection of anti-tuberculosis IgM, whereas PPE57, Ag85B, CFP-10, Rv0220, and 38kDa antigens performed better for anti-tuberculosis IgG detection. Worth noting is that CFP-10, 38kDa, and PPE57 detected efficiently both IgM and IgG. Rv1987, Rv3807, PPE57, Rv0220, and MPT64 proteins alone and combinations of Rv1987 + Rv3807, 16kDa + Rv0220, and MPT64 + Rv1986 tested in IGRAs displayed a good correlation with the positive control constituted by a cocktail of ESAT-6 + CFP-10 + TB7.7 (ECT), known for their stimulating properties (r > 0.5, p < 0.01). Among these antigen candidates, Rv0220 and Rv1987 + Rv3807 were the most potent. We discovered CFP-10, 38kDa, and PPE57 for the detection of anti-M. tuberculosis IgM and IgG, and Rv0220 alone or the combination Rv1987 + Rv3807 as the strongest stimulators in IGRAs. These antigens provide new references for the screening of tuberculosis-specific antibodies and effective stimulation in IGRAs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Key Research & Development Plan (2017YDF0500304) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1803236), and Major Scientific and Technological Projects of Corps (2017AA003).

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Author notes

  1. Zhongchen Ma, Xiang Ji and Hang Yang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China

    Zhongchen Ma, Hang Yang, Yong Wang, Zhen Wang & Chuangfu Chen

  2. College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China

    Xiang Ji & Jinke He

  3. State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China

    Qian Zhang

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  1. Zhongchen Ma
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Correspondence to Zhen Wang or Chuangfu Chen.

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Ethical approval

We have complied with the World Medical Association Declaration of the 1964 Helsinki regarding ethical conduct of research involving human subjects. The hospital based case–control study was approved by the Review Board of Kashgar Pulmonary Hospital (Xinjiang, China).

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A written informed consent was obtained from all subjects who were recruited and interviewed for the study.

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Ma, Z., Ji, X., Yang, H. et al. Screening and evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnostic antigens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 39, 1959–1970 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03951-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03951-3

Keywords

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Indirect ELISA
  • IFN-γ release test (IGRAs)