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The evaluation of the appropriate gentamicin use for preterm infants

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European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Gentamicin (GM) is used for neonates as the initial treatment for neonatal bacterial infection. An association between high trough GM levels and the elevation of the serum creatinine (sCr) level and hearing loss has been reported, although there have been no reports investigating the serial changes in the sCr level in preterm neonates treated with GM. The present study evaluated the serial changes in the sCr level and the incidence of hearing loss in preterm neonates treated with GM. This study included 56 neonates born at a gestational age of 32–36 weeks. Fifteen (group 1) and 20 (group 2) neonates were treated with 2.5 mg/kg of GM every 12 h and 4 mg/kg of GM every 36 h, respectively. Group 3 included 21 neonates without GM therapy. Serum GM levels, serial changes in the sCr levels, and the incidence of hearing loss were then compared among the three groups. The serum trough GM level in group 2 was significantly lower than that in group 1 (P < 0.001), whereas the serum peak GM levels in these groups were almost the same. The ratio of the sCr level at birth to that at the 5th day of life in group 1 was the lowest among the 3 groups. No neonates had hearing loss. GM therapy worsened the sCr level in late preterm neonates, especially those with multiple doses per day. The appropriate use of GM is needed in order to prevent the occurrence of nephrotoxicity.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the help of Dr. Brian Quinn (Japan Medical Communication, Fukuoka, Japan) for editing the manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Daisuke Shimizu, Takayuki Hoshina and Koichi Kusuhara contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan

    Daisuke Shimizu, Shun Ichikawa, Takayuki Hoshina, Mayumi Kawase, Kentaro Tanaka, Shunsuke Araki & Koichi Kusuhara

  2. Center of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan

    Daisuke Shimizu, Shun Ichikawa, Kentaro Tanaka, Shunsuke Araki, Tadamune Kinjo & Koichi Kusuhara

  3. Department of Neonatology, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

    Tadamune Kinjo

Authors
  1. Daisuke Shimizu
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  2. Shun Ichikawa
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  3. Takayuki Hoshina
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  4. Mayumi Kawase
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  6. Shunsuke Araki
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Correspondence to Takayuki Hoshina.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Our prospective observational study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Shimizu, D., Ichikawa, S., Hoshina, T. et al. The evaluation of the appropriate gentamicin use for preterm infants. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 38, 2365–2369 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-019-03689-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-019-03689-7

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