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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Pallidal deep brain stimulation for tardive dystonia: meta-analysis of clinical outcomes

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This article was retracted on 13 January 2024

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Abstract

Introduction

Tardive dystonia (TD) is a disabling complication of pharmacological therapy with dopaminergic receptor antagonists, usually resistant to oral medications. Several reports have shown that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) might be effective in TD, but the overall level of evidence remains limited to case reports or small case series.

Objectives

We sought to summarize the collective evidence in support of GPi-DBS for TD using a meta-analytic approach.

Methods

We searched PubMed for human studies reporting tardive dystonia cases treated with GPi-DBS that reported the validated Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) as outcome measure. Data extracted were reviewed for risk of bias. Then, through linear mixed effects modeling of the percent improvement seen on an individual level, we estimated the average improvement effect varying by study.

Results

The searching strategy resulted in a total of n = 78 studies, which were screened for eligibility criteria resulting in the inclusion of n = 14 studies, yielding 134 TD patients for the final analyses. The overall estimate improvement in the BFMDRS after GPi-DBS was 66.88 ± 11.96%. The review of individual case reports indicated rare worsening (n = 4) or lack of improvement (n = 3) following GPi-DBS.

Conclusions

Bilateral GPi-DBS can be an effective therapeutic option for severe cases of TD resistant to oral pharmacological therapies, even though rare cases of symptom worsening or lack of improvement have also been reported.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Jeffery Welge (University of Cincinnati) for his support and statistical advising on this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Kettering Lab Building, Room 112, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0056, USA

    Michael Grabel

  2. Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    Aristide Merola

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  1. Michael Grabel
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  2. Aristide Merola
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Contributions

Michael Grabel: study conception and design; literature search; interpretation of data; statistical meta-analysis; drafting the manuscript.

Aristide Merola: study conception and design; interpretation of data; revising the manuscript for intellectual content.

All the co-authors listed above gave their final approval of this manuscript version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Grabel.

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Conflict of interest

Michael Grabel: nothing to declare. Aristide Merola: received speaker honoraria from Abbott and Boston Scientific, advisory board compensation from Abbott, Abbvie, Boston Scientific, and Lundbeck, and compensation as Chief Editor from Frontiers in Neurology Experimental Therapeutics.

Ethical approval

This study did not require approval from an ethics committee.

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Informed consent was not obtained because the data comes from papers that already had consent to publish.

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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-024-07321-1

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Grabel, M., Merola, A. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Pallidal deep brain stimulation for tardive dystonia: meta-analysis of clinical outcomes. Neurol Sci 44, 827–833 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06506-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06506-w

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