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Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale 2: application in an Italian population

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Abstract

Sleep disturbances and nocturnal disabilities are common in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The PD sleep scale, second version (PDSS-2), has been proposed as a helpful tool for measuring sleep disorders in PD. We aimed to validate the Italian version of the PDSS-2. One hundred and twenty-three consecutive PD outpatients (76 males) were evaluated by means of PDSS-2, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (self-administered scales), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating (motor section) and Hoehn and Yahr Scales, and Mini Mental State Examination. PDSS-2 internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach’s α: 0.77) with significant item to total score correlation and high intra-class correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability (0.943). Total PDSS-2 score was correlated with the scores on all other clinical scales. The factor analysis identified five factors, related to five areas of nocturnal disturbances, similarly as the original PDSS-2. The five factors mainly reflected: (1) nocturnal movement-related problems, (2) quality of sleep, (3) dreaming distress, (4) fragmentation of sleep and (5) insomnia symptoms. The PDSS-2 scale has confirmed its usefulness in evaluating sleep problems in Italian PD patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Largo P. Daneo 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy

    Dario Arnaldi, Christian Cordano, Jennifer Accardo, Michela Ferrara, Agnese Picco, Tiziano Tamburini, Andrea Brugnolo & Flavio Nobili

  2. Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Genoa, Italy

    Fabrizio De Carli

  3. Neuro-rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Giovanni Abbruzzese

Authors
  1. Dario Arnaldi
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  2. Christian Cordano
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  3. Fabrizio De Carli
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  4. Jennifer Accardo
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  5. Michela Ferrara
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  6. Agnese Picco
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  7. Tiziano Tamburini
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  8. Andrea Brugnolo
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  9. Giovanni Abbruzzese
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  10. Flavio Nobili
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dario Arnaldi.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Abbruzzese has received speaker honoraria from Abbvie and Lundbeck. Dr. Nobili has received fees from Piramal for lectures and from Eli-Lilly for board participation. The other authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.

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Arnaldi, D., Cordano, C., De Carli, F. et al. Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale 2: application in an Italian population. Neurol Sci 37, 283–288 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-015-2409-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-015-2409-5

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