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Cognition of the manatee: past research and future developments

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Abstract

In this paper, we present a review of the current knowledge related to the cognitive abilities of the manatee, with a focus on the Antillean manatee in situ and ex situ. Following a biocentric approach, we consider the animals’ ecology, perception and sociality and we introduce future perspectives on their cognition. Scientific literature on the cognitive abilities of Antillean manatees’ is limited and mainly linked to medical training and veterinary manipulations. To perceive and to interact with their social and natural environment (e.g. social interactions, foraging and traveling), manatees use visual, acoustic and tactile modalities that may be involved in a large range of cognitive abilities. Research on stimuli perception in manatees is scarce; however, these animals demonstrate abilities to learn and appear to show long-term memory. For example, to mate and/or to forage manatees travel at medium and large geographical scales; without doubt their movements entail the use of a set of stimuli and learning processes. Furthermore, their social skills (e.g. social organization, tactile and acoustic communications) are also poorly understood although their social interactions appear to be more complex than previously thought. Finally, as for many animals, temperament/personality may play a key role during their interactions with conspecifics and the environment. These aspects on manatee behavior and cognition are important for management and conservation purposes and help us understand the evolution of these marine mammals.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank ZooParc de Beauval for providing photos, video and acoustic recordings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Conducta Animal, GAIA-BIO, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Av. del Centenario Km. 5.5, C.P. 77014, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico

    Yann Henaut

  2. Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO, UMR 7204, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne‐Université, MNHN), Paris, France

    Aviva Charles

  3. ZooParc de Beauval and Beauval Nature, 41110, Saint Aignan, France

    Aviva Charles

  4. Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, 75005, Paris, France

    Fabienne Delfour

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  1. Yann Henaut
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Henaut, Y., Charles, A. & Delfour, F. Cognition of the manatee: past research and future developments. Anim Cogn 25, 1049–1058 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-022-01676-8

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