Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of dietary patterns on the blood/urine concentration of the selected toxic metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) in Korean children

  • Published:
Food Science and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 12 June 2018

This article has been updated

Abstract

This study was aimed to examine the association the blood/urinary concentration of toxic metal (Hg, Pb, and Cd) with children’s dietary patterns. This cross-sectional study included 1026 school children aged 8–17 years. Dietary patterns were defined using factor loading scores for 108 foods from a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. A high blood Hg level was found in boys with a high score in the ‘fish’ pattern (p = 0.02), and in girls with a high score in ‘fruit’ pattern (p = 0.04). The concentration of Pb was related to the ‘imprudent’ pattern in high school boys (p = 0.02). The effect of the ‘vegetable’ pattern on high excretion of urinary Cd was observed in low grade elementary (p = 0.04) and middle school students (p < 0.0001), and the effect of the ‘fruit’ pattern on the urinary Cd was observed in high grade elementary school students (p = 0.02). This study suggests that the concentration of selected toxic metals in blood/urine could be affected by children’s dietary pattern.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 12 June 2018

    In the original version of these 14 articles the reference list was unfortunately not represented according to the journal’s new bibliographical style, which should have been implemented from January 2018.

References

  1. Barany E, Bergdahl IA, Bratteby LE, Lundh T, Samuelson G, Skerfving S, Oskarsson A. Iron status influences trace element levels in human blood and serum. Environ Res 98: 215–23 (2005)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Beyrouty P, Chan HM. Co-consumption of selenium and vitamin E altered the reproductive and developmental toxicity of methylmercury in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 28: 49–58 (2006)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Canli M, Atli G. The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. Environ. Pollut 121: 129–136 (2003)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Centers for Disease C, Prevention. Lead poisoning in pregnant women who used Ayurvedic medications from India–New York City, 2011–2012. MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report 61: 641–646 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  5. del Dacera DM, Babel S. Use of citric acid for heavy metals extraction from contaminated sewage sludge for land application. Water Sci Technol 54: 129–35 (2006)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Fowler BA. Monitoring of human populations for early markers of cadmium toxicity: a review. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 238: 294–300 (2009)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fullmer CS. Intestinal calcium and lead absorption: effects of dietary lead and calcium. Environ. Res. 54: 159–169 (1991)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Gong P, Chen F-x, Wang L, Wang J, Jin S, Ma Y-m. Protective effects of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extract against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 37: 1015–1027 (2014)

  9. Haiyan W, Stuanes AO. Heavy metal pollution in air-water-soil-plant system of Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. Water Air Soil Pollut 147: 79–107 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Jang J-Y, Kim T-W, Park H, Park S-H, Lee J, Choi H-J, Han ES, Kang M, Kim HJ. Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metal in Salted Vegetable Foods from Diverse Origin in Korea. J. Food Saf. 29: 146–151 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Jarup L. Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br. Med. Bull. 68: 167–182 (2003)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Jenssen MT, Brantsaeter AL, Haugen M, Meltzer HM, Larssen T, Kvalem HE, Birgisdottir BE, Thomassen Y, Ellingsen D, Alexander J, Knutsen HK. Dietary mercury exposure in a population with a wide range of fish consumption–self-capture of fish and regional differences are important determinants of mercury in blood. Sci Total Environ. 439: 220–9 (2012)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kaikake K, Hoaki K, Sunada H, Dhakal RP, Baba Y. Removal characteristics of metal ions using degreased coffee beans: Adsorption equilibrium of cadmium (II). Bioresour Technol 98: 2787–2791 (2007)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kalia K, Flora SJ. Strategies for safe and effective therapeutic measures for chronic arsenic and lead poisoning. J Occup Health. 47: 1–21 (2005)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Karagas MR, Choi AL, Oken E, Horvat M, Schoeny R, Kamai E, Cowell W, Grandjean P, Korrick S. Evidence on the human health effects of low-level methylmercury exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 120: 799 (2012)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Kim G-B, Kim D-S, Lee J-H, Park H-J, Wee S-S. Survey on the total mercury exposure of school children in korea. Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 33: 386–391 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Korea Food and Drug, Administration: Korean Research Project on the Integrated Exposure Assessment to Hazardous Material for Food Safety (2012).

  18. Kramer CY. Extension of multiple range tests to group means with unequal numbers of replications. Biometrics 12: 307–310 (1956)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lee H-S, Cho Y-H, Park S-O, Kye S-H, Kim B-H, Hahm T-S, Kim M, Lee JO, Kim C-i. Dietary exposure of the Korean population to arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury. J. Food Comp. Anal. 19: S31-S37 (2006)

  20. Lidsky TI, Schneider JS. Lead neurotoxicity in children: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain. 126: 5–19 (2003)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Lim Y, Oh SY. Development of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for pre-school children in Korea. Korean J Community Nutr 7: 58–66 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Liu J, Liu X, Wang W, McCauley L, Pinto-Martin J, Wang Y, Li L, Yan C, Rogan WJ. Blood lead concentrations and children’s behavioral and emotional problems: a cohort study. JAMA Pediatr 168: 737–45 (2014)

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. McKelvey W, Gwynn RC, Jeffery N, Kass D, Thorpe LE, Garg RK, Palmer CD, Parsons PJ. A biomonitoring study of lead, cadmium, and mercury in the blood of New York city adults. Environ Health Perspect 115: 1435–41 (2007)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Mergler D, Anderson HA, Chan LHM, Mahaffey KR, Murray M, Sakamoto M, Stern AH. Methylmercury exposure and health effects in humans: a worldwide concern. AMBIO 36: 3–11 (2007)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ministry of Environment M: Development of manangement of the products containing mercury. Gwacheon, Korea. pp. 26–31 (2005a).

  26. Ministry of Environment M: Basic study of heavy metal levels among Korean adult. Gwacheon, Korea. pp. 69–86 (2005b).

  27. Moon C-S, Zhang Z-W, Shimbo S, Watanabe T, Moon D-H, Lee C-U, Lee B-K, Ahn K-D, Lee S-H, Ikeda M. Dietary intake of cadmium and lead among the general population in Korea. Environ. Res. 71: 46–54 (1995)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Moya J, Bearer CF, Etzel RA. Children’s behavior and physiology and how it affects exposure to environmental contaminants. Pediatrics 113: 996–1006 (2004)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Nagata C, Nagao Y, Nakamura K, Wada K, Tamai Y, Tsuji M, Yamamoto S, Kashiki Y. Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Japanese women. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 138: 235–239 (2013)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Nakagawa R, Yumita Y, Hiromoto M. Total mercury intake from fish and shellfish by Japanese people. Chemosphere 35: 2909–13 (1997)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Schwarz MA, Lindtner O, Blume K, Heinemeyer G, Schneider K. Cadmium exposure from food: the German LExUKon project. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 31: 1038–51 (2014)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Seo J-H, Kim B-G, Kim Y-M, Kim R-B, Chung J-Y, Hong Y-S. Lead, Mercury and Cadmium Concentration in Blood and Related Factors among Korean Preschoolers. Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 40: 279–293 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sridhar N, Senthilkumar JS, Subburayan MR: Removal of Toxic Metals (Lead &Copper) from Automotive Industry Waste Water By Using Fruit Peels. Available from: http://www.ijaict.com/issue2/ijaict%202014060203.pdf Accessed Dec 14, 2015.

  34. Stayner L, Smith R, Thun M, Schnorr T, Lemen R. A dose-response analysis and quantitative assessment of lung cancer risk and occupational cadmium exposure. Ann Epidemiol. 2: 177–194 (1992)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Thatcher RW, Lester ML, McAlaster R, Horst R. Effects of low levels of cadmium and lead on cognitive functioning in children. Arch. Environ. Occup. Health 37: 159–166 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. The Korean Nutrition Society K: Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (2005).

  37. Tian W, Egeland GM, Sobol I, Chan HM. Mercury hair concentrations and dietary exposure among Inuit preschool children in Nunavut, Canada. Environ Int 37: 42–8 (2011)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. U.S. Food and Drug Administration U: Mercury Concentrations in Fish: FDA Monitoring Program (1990–2010). Available from: http://www.fda.gov/food/foodborneillnesscontaminants/metals/ucm191007.htm. Accessed Feb. 2016.

  39. United Nations Environment Programme U. Guidance for Identifying Populations at Risk from Mercury Exposure. Available From: http://Www.Who.Int/Foodsafety/Publications/Chem/Mercuryexposure.Pdf?Ua=1.

  40. Vromman V, Waegeneers N, Cornelis C, De Boosere I, Van Holderbeke M, Vinkx C, Smolders E, Huyghebaert A, Pussemier L. Dietary cadmium intake by the Belgian adult population. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 27: 1665–73 (2010)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Wigle DT, Arbuckle TE, Turner MC, Berube A, Yang Q, Liu S, Krewski D. Epidemiologic evidence of relationships between reproductive and child health outcomes and environmental chemical contaminants. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, Part B 11: 373–517 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Wyasu G, Onoja E, Omeiza FS. Comparative analysis of the level of lead and cadmium contamination of food during processing with atlas machine and a local grinding stone. Arch Appl Sci Res 2: 331–336 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. You CH, Kim BG, Jo EM, Kim GY, Yu BC, Hong MG, Kim DS, Hong YS. The relationship between the fish consumption and blood total/methyl-mercury concentration of costal area in Korea. Neurotoxicology 33: 676–82 (2012)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by 2016 Research Grant from Kangwon National University (No. 520160421) and by the Grant (No. 10162KFDA994) from Korea Food & Drug Administration in 2010–2011.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sports Science, SPKOREA, Busan, Korea

    Byoung-Wook Yoo

  2. Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chun-Cheon, Korea

    Bom Kim, Pankaj Joshi, Sung-Ok Kwon, YeonJin Kim & Sang-Ah Lee

  3. Vanderbilt Epidemiological Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA

    Sang-Ah Lee

  4. Department of Beauty Art, Kyungbok University, Namyangju, Korea

    Jung-Sook Oh

  5. Cancer Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea

    Jeongseon Kim

  6. Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea

    Se-Young Oh

  7. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea

    Ji-Ae Lim, Mina Ha & Ho-Jang Kwon

  8. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756, Korea

    Byung-Sun Choi & Jung-Duck Park

  9. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea

    Yu-Mi Kim & Young-Seob Hong

  10. Toxic Metal Exposure Environmental Health Center, Busan, Korea

    Yu-Mi Kim & Young-Seob Hong

  11. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

    Sang-Yong Eom

  12. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea

    Seok-Joon Sohn

  13. Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea

    Kyung-Su Park

  14. Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea

    Heesoo Pyo

  15. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Ho Kim

Authors
  1. Byoung-Wook Yoo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bom Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pankaj Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sung-Ok Kwon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. YeonJin Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jung-Sook Oh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jeongseon Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Se-Young Oh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Ji-Ae Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Byung-Sun Choi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Yu-Mi Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Sang-Yong Eom
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Young-Seob Hong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Seok-Joon Sohn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. Kyung-Su Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. Heesoo Pyo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. Ho Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. Mina Ha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. Jung-Duck Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. Ho-Jang Kwon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. Sang-Ah Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang-Ah Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yoo, BW., Kim, B., Joshi, P. et al. Effect of dietary patterns on the blood/urine concentration of the selected toxic metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) in Korean children. Food Sci Biotechnol 27, 1227–1237 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-018-0336-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-018-0336-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation