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Physicochemical properties of thermal alkaline treated pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) flour

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Abstract

Thermal alkaline treatment, normally used for corn, was applied to pigeonpea grains. Starch granules were isolated using wet milling and alkaline treatments. Effects of the calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] concentration in the range of 0–1% (w/v) on granule structure, crystalline structure, chemical composition, and physicochemical, thermal, and pasting properties of isolated starch granules were determined. Compared to native samples, thermal alkaline treated samples had higher protein, lipid, calcium, and phosphorus contents, but lower starch and amylose contents. Thermal alkaline treatment increased starch granular size and gelatinization temperatures, but decreased relative crystallinity, gelatinization enthalpy, swelling power, solubility, amylose leaching, and the pasting viscosity. Amylose-lipid complexes were not found in thermal alkaline treated flours. As the Ca(OH)2 concentration increased, the amylose content, relative crystallinity, gelatinization temperature, and enthalpy also increased, but the swelling power, solubility, amylose leaching, and paste viscosity decreased. A higher Ca(OH)2 concentration produced more stable starch granules that resisted re-gelatinization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Piyanuch Roskhrua, Saiwarun Chaiwanichsiri, Sasikan Kupongsak & Pasawadee Pradipasena

  2. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Unité Mixte de recherche Qualisud, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France

    Thierry Tran

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  1. Piyanuch Roskhrua
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  2. Thierry Tran
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  3. Saiwarun Chaiwanichsiri
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  5. Pasawadee Pradipasena
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Correspondence to Pasawadee Pradipasena.

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Roskhrua, P., Tran, T., Chaiwanichsiri, S. et al. Physicochemical properties of thermal alkaline treated pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) flour. Food Sci Biotechnol 23, 381–388 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0053-0

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