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Clinical manifestations of Kawasaki disease in different age groups: retrospective data from Southwest China

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present study is to identify the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of children with Kawasaki disease (KD) in different age groups and to recognize and treat KD in a timely manner.

Methods

A total of 213 children with KD were divided into the following age groups: (1) infants, (2) toddlers, and (3) preschool age. Retrospective analysis of clinical data was performed among the groups. Categorical data were statistically compared by Chi-square analysis, and measurement data were compared using one-way ANOVA analysis.

Results

Our study showed that (1) cough (40.5%), diarrhea (16.9%), and vomiting (8.5%) were also very common in KD patients. (2) Patients in the infant group more commonly developed cough and diarrhea, but were less frequently documented with lymphadenopathy and skin rash. (3) Elevation of platelets was more common in the infant group. When urine tests were compared among the three groups, the toddler group had a higher proportion of sterile pyuria, and infants younger than 1 year old had a lower proportion of proteinuria and positive urine ketones.

Conclusion

Cough, diarrhea, vomiting, and sterile pyuria were very common in infant KD patients less than 1 year old. They should be noted in patients with suspected KD for earlier diagnosis and timely treatments.

Key Points

• Patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) in different age groups showed different clinical manifestations and laboratory findings.

• Cough, diarrhea, vomiting, and sterile pyuria were very common in infant KD patients less than 1 year old.

• Paying more attentions to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary manifestations or abnormalities might be helpful for earlier diagnosis of KD, especially incomplete KD, though they were not list in the diagnostic criteria.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Fanlei Hu and the American Journal Experts for language editing.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81501396) and Peking University International Hospital Research Funds (YN2017QX01).

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Author notes

  1. Lianjie Shi and Jianhong Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China

    Lianjie Shi

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, NO. 20, section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Lianjie Shi, Di Qie, Xintian Hua, Xiaoqing Shi, Liang Zhao, Hanmin Liu & Lina Qiao

  3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China

    Jianhong Li

  4. Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832008, China

    Jinyong Pan

  5. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China

    Li Li

  6. Department of Rheumatology, The First People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, China

    Jiangtao Li

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  1. Lianjie Shi
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Correspondence to Hanmin Liu or Lina Qiao.

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Shi, L., Li, J., Qie, D. et al. Clinical manifestations of Kawasaki disease in different age groups: retrospective data from Southwest China. Clin Rheumatol 39, 3027–3032 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05069-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05069-5

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