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Coronary artery aneurysm regression after Kawasaki disease and associated risk factors: a 3-year follow-up study in East China

Clinical Rheumatology volume 37, pages 1945–1951 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart disease due to its complicated coronary artery lesions. Up to now, few studies were focused on the status of persistent coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) in KD patients. The present study was designed to identify the coronary artery outcomes and seek the risk factors associated with the regression of CAA in KD patients. One hundred and twenty KD patients with CAA hospitalized in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University from Jan 2008 to Dec 2013 were prospectively studied by a 3-year follow-up. Data regarding demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics were documented and further analyzed. It was estimated that 39.2% of the patients had complete regression of CAA within 4 weeks, 59.2% within 8 weeks, and 70.0% within 16 weeks. No fatal cardiac events occurred. We found patients who aged ≤ 1 year, received initial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment after the 10th day of illness, and IVIG non-responders were associated with the regression of persistent CAA. The relative risks were 1.55, 1.87, and 1.88, respectively. Age, initial IVIG treatment, and IVIG response were risk factors of persistent CAA, and more attention should be paid on these patients.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81570455, 81600391, 81400222, 81700439), the Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province (BK20150291, BE2017660), the Foundation of Suzhou government (SYS201443), and the Science and Technology Projects for the Youth of Suzhou (KJXW2016021).

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  1. The Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhongnan Street, Suzhou, 215025, China

    Yunjia Tang, Wenhua Yan, Ling Sun, Qiuqin Xu, Yueyue Ding & Haitao Lv

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  1. Yunjia Tang
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  2. Wenhua Yan
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  3. Ling Sun
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Correspondence to Haitao Lv.

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Ethical standards

We confirmed that all study protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Children’s Hospital of Soochow University and were performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from all patients’ legal guardians.

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Tang, Y., Yan, W., Sun, L. et al. Coronary artery aneurysm regression after Kawasaki disease and associated risk factors: a 3-year follow-up study in East China. Clin Rheumatol 37, 1945–1951 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-3977-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-3977-6

Keywords

  • Children
  • Coronary artery aneurysm regression
  • Kawasaki disease
  • Risk factors