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Risk association between scleroderma disease characteristics, periodontitis, and tooth loss

Clinical Rheumatology volume 36, pages 2733–2741 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-system disorder that can have significant adverse effects on the health of the mouth. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the disease characteristics of SSc, periodontal disease (PD), and tooth loss. Fifty-four patients affected by SSc and 55 non-diseased controls were matched for age and gender. SSc was characterized in subtypes and with the mean duration of disease and the Modified Rodnan Skin Score [mRSS]. Patients were surveyed and examined through the evaluation of the periodontal parameters and the number of teeth. A logistic regression analysis showed that patients with SSc presented a higher number of missing teeth (p = 0.001) and a significant median increased odds 2.95 (95% CI 1.26 to 6.84) of PD (defined as clinical attachment loss, CAL) compared to nondiseased controls (6.83, 95% CI 1.94 to 24.36). Moreover, the fewer values of PD was correlated with mRSS in the total SSc group and with the mean duration of disease in patients with limited SSc (p = 0.007), even after adjusting this correlation with the presence of the major organ involvement. This study showed that patients with SSc presented increased odds of PD and tooth loss compared to non-diseased controls. In SSc patients, the magnitude of PD was strongly associated with the mRSS and with the mean duration of the disease. The clinicians should be aware of the potential systemic health problems related to PD.

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Acknowledgements

This work was carried out with funding from Department of Biomedical, Odontostomatological Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina. The authors declare that they have no competing interest or other benefits from commercial sources for the work reported in the manuscript.

All authors were involved in drafting the article. G. Isola and G. Matarese have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of data analysis.

Study conception and design: G. Isola, G. Matarese, L. Ramaglia.

Acquisition of data: G. Isola, C. Cosio.

Analysis and interpretation of data: G. Isola, M. Matarese, L. Ramaglia.

Critical revision and interpretation of data: G. Isola, A. Lo Gullo.

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical, Odontostomatological Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico “G. Martino”, via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy

    Gaetano Isola, Marco Matarese, Claudio Cosio & Giovanni Matarese

  2. Department of Periodontology, UNC School of Dentistry, Campus Box #7450, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7450, USA

    Ray C. Williams

  3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of internal medicine and rheumatology, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico “G. Martino”, via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy

    Alberto Lo Gullo

  4. Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via C. Pansini 5, 80100, Naples, Naples, Italy

    Luca Ramaglia & Vincenzo Iorio-Siciliano

Authors
  1. Gaetano Isola
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  2. Ray C. Williams
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  3. Alberto Lo Gullo
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  4. Luca Ramaglia
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  5. Marco Matarese
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  6. Vincenzo Iorio-Siciliano
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  7. Claudio Cosio
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  8. Giovanni Matarese
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marco Matarese.

Ethics declarations

The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Messina, Italy (#918-10), and a written informed consent was acquired by all patients who were informed about the characteristics of the study, by the Declaration of the World Medical Association 1975 in Helsinki, revised in 2000.

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Isola, G., Williams, R.C., Lo Gullo, A. et al. Risk association between scleroderma disease characteristics, periodontitis, and tooth loss. Clin Rheumatol 36, 2733–2741 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3861-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3861-9

Keywords

  • Case-control study
  • Periodontal disease
  • Systemic sclerosis
  • Tooth loss