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The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases

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Abstract

Interleukin (IL)-1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis and thereafter in the search for specific treatments of different inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases. Indeed, an overactivity of IL-1 might be an initiating factor for many immunopathologic sceneries in the eye, as proven by the efficacy of the specific IL-1 blockade in different ocular diseases. For instance, the uveitis in monogenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Blau syndrome and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, or in complex polygenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Behçet’s disease, has been successfully treated with IL-1 blockers. Similarly, therapy with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra has proven successful also in scleritis and episcleritis in the context of different rheumatic conditions. Moreover, interesting findings deriving from animal models of ocular disease have set a rational basis from a therapeutic viewpoint to manage patients also with dry eye disease and a broadening number of ocular inflammatory and degenerative conditions, which start from an imbalance between IL-1 and its receptor antagonist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano MI, Italy

    Claudia Fabiani

  2. Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases and Behçet’s Disease Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Jurgen Sota, Bruno Frediani, Mauro Galeazzi & Luca Cantarini

  3. Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery Department, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Gian Marco Tosi & Rossella Franceschini

  4. Institute of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy

    Donato Rigante

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  1. Claudia Fabiani
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Correspondence to Claudia Fabiani or Luca Cantarini.

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Donato Rigante and Luca Cantarini equally contributed to this manuscript.

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Fabiani, C., Sota, J., Tosi, G.M. et al. The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases. Clin Rheumatol 36, 2307–2318 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-016-3527-z

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