Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental investigation on the damage and deterioration of sandstone subjected to cycling pore water pressure

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultrasonic testing, and triaxial compression tests were employed to investigate the deterioration laws of multiple physical and mechanical properties of sandstone under different pore water pressure cycles, and Micro- and Meso- deterioration mechanisms were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The critical stresses exhibited different variation trends concerning the cycling pore water pressure, which reflecting the difference in damage sensitivity to critical stresses. Observing the transverse relaxation time (T2) spectrum areas and SEM images, the number of internal pores and the crack size developed with the increase of pore water pressure cycles. Furthermore, the NMR images indicated that the sandstone pores under cycling pore water pressure gradually expanded from the bottom action end to the entire sample. The wave velocity of sample was linearly negatively correlated with the number of pore water pressure cycles and increasing porosity. The micro- and mesoscopic deterioration mainly resulted from the coupling hydraulic-mechanical effect, leading to the porosity increase and an increase in pore water content at the micro-level, which in turn resulted in the deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone at the macro level. Damage characterized by the strength, deformation, acoustic parameters, and porosity indicating that the cycling pore water pressure have a cumulative damage effect on sandstone. However, the sandstone in the same damage state has a more significant effect on the deformation than the strength. The results can be adopted as a reference for the safety and security of reservoir slope.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig.15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Fig. 26
Fig. 27
Fig. 28

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability statement

Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

References

  • Adebayo AR, Bageri BS, Al Jaberi J et al (2020) A calibration method for estimating mudcake thickness and porosity using NMR data. J Petrol Sci Eng 195:107582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bao Y, Gao P, He X (2015) The water-level fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir—A unique geomorphological unit. Earth-Sci Rev 150:14–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai M, Kaiser PK, Tasaka Y et al (2004) Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations. Int J Rock Mech Min 41(5):833–847

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coombes MA, Naylor LA (2012) Rock warming and drying under simulated intertidal conditions, part II: weathering and biological influences on evaporative cooling and near-surface micro-climatic conditions as an example of biogeomorphic ecosystem engineering. Earth Surf Proc Land 37(1):100–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deng HF, Zhi YY, Duan LL et al (2019) Mechanical properties of sandstone and damage evolution of microstructure under water-rock interaction. Rock Soil Mech 40(9):3447–3456 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt E, Stead D, Stimpson B (1999) Quantifying progressive pre-peak brittle fracture damage in rock during uniaxial compression. Int J Rock Mech Min 36(3):361–380

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Everitt RA, Lajtai EZ (2004) The influence of rock fabric on excavation damage in the Lac du Bonnett granite. Int J Rock Mech Min 41(8):1277–1303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Finn CA, Deszcz-Pan M, Ball JL et al (2018) Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability. J Volcanol Geoth Res 357:261–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao F, Wang Q, Deng H et al (2017) Coupled effects of chemical environments and freeze–thaw cycles on damage characteristics of red sandstone. B Eng Geol Environ 76(4):1481–1490

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang D, Gu D, Yang C et al (2016) Investigation on mechanical behaviors of sandstone with two preexisting flaws under triaxial compression. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(2):375–399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang S, Liu Q, Liu Y et al (2018) Freezing strain model for estimating the unfrozen water content of saturated rock under low temperature. Int J Geomech 18(2):04017137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang S, Lu Z, Ye Z et al (2020) An elastoplastic model of frost deformation for the porous rock under freeze-thaw. Eng Geol 278:105820

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang S, He Y, Liu X et al (2021) Experimental investigation of the influence of dry-wet, freeze-thaw and water immersion treatments on the mechanical strength of the clay-bearing green sandstone. Int J Rock Mech Min 138:104613

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia H, Zi F, Yang G et al (2020) Influence of pore water (ice) content on the strength and deformability of frozen argillaceous siltstone. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53(2):967-974(2)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kachanov LM (1958) Time of the rupture process under creep conditions, Izy Akad. Nank SSR Otd Tech Nauk 8:26–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawamoto T, Ichikawa Y, Kyoya T (1988) Deformation and fracturing behaviour of discontinuous rock mass and damage mechanics theory. Int J Numer Anal Met 12(1):1–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim JS, Lee KS, Cho WJ et al (2015) A comparative evaluation of stress–strain and acoustic emission methods for quantitative damage assessments of brittle rock. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(2):495–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinberg RL, Kenyon WE, Mitra PP (1994) Mechanism of NMR relaxation of fluids in rock. J Magn Reson 108(2):206–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li XG, Yao YS, Zeng ZX et al (2006) Analysis of the formation system of the present tectonic stress field in the head area of the three gorges reservoir. J Geomech 02:174–181 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Huang D, Li X (2014) Strain rate dependency of coarse crystal marble under uniaxial compression: strength, deformation and strain energy. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47(4):1153–1164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li N, Zhang X, Wang D et al (2017) Experimental study on variation of P-wave velocity and waveform characteristics during the whole process of water absorption of coal samples. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 36(8):1921–1929 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Huang W, Lu S et al (2018) Nuclear magnetic resonance T1–T2 map division method for hydrogen-bearing components in continental shale. Energ Fuel 32(9):9043–9054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Lu S, Chen G et al (2019) A new method for measuring shale porosity with low-field nuclear magnetic resonance considering non-fluid signals. Mar Petrol Geol 102:535–543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li F, You S, Ji H et al (2020) Strength and energy exchange of deep sandstone under high hydraulic conditions. J Cent South Univ 27(10):3053–3062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu B, Yang H, Karekal S (2020) Effect of water content on argillization of mudstone during the tunnelling process. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53(2):799–813

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo Z, Li J, Wang L et al (2019) Study on the creep characteristics of sandstone under coupled stress-water pressure. Period Polytech-Civ 63(4):1038

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma L, Wang M, Zhang N et al (2017) A variable-parameter creep damage model incorporating the effects of loading frequency for rock salt and its application in a bedded storage cavern. Rock Mech Rock Eng 50(9):2495–2509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma L, Wu J, Wang M et al (2020) Dynamic compressive properties of dry and saturated coral rocks at high strain rates. Eng Geol 272:105615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porfido C, Rizzo RE, Healy D et al (2021) Investigating the evolution of fractures in clay–based ceramics during repeated freeze-thawing cycles using X-ray micro-computed tomography and image analysis. Mater Characte 177:111185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prick A (1995) Dilatometrical behaviour of porous calcareous rock samples subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. CATENA 25(1–4):7–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qin Z, Fu H, Chen X (2019) A study on altered granite meso-damage mechanisms due to water invasion-water loss cycles. Environ Earth Sci 78(14):1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song Y, Zhang L, Ren J et al (2019) Study on damage characteristics of weak cementation sandstone under drying-wetting cycles based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 38(4):825–831 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Su K, Ghoreychi M, Chanchole S (2000) Experimental study of damage in granite. Geotechnique 50(3):235–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Timur A (1969) Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity, movable fluid, and permeability of sandstones. J Petrol Technol 21(06):775–786

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Schmitt DR, Wang R (2015) Does wettability influence seismic wave propagation in liquid-saturated porous rocks? Mon Not R Astron Soc 203(3):2182–2188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang F, Cao P, Wang Y et al (2020) Combined effects of cyclic load and temperature fluctuation on the mechanical behavior of porous sandstones. Eng Geol 266:105466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Pei W, Zhang M et al (2021) Multi-scale experimental investigations on the deterioration mechanism of sandstone under wetting–drying cycles. Rock Mech Rock Eng 54(1):429–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wasantha PLP, Ranjith PG (2014) Water-weakening behavior of Hawkesbury sandstone in brittle regime. Eng Geol 178:91–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weng L, Wu Z, Li X (2018) Mesodamage characteristics of rock with a pre-cut opening under combined static–dynamic loads: a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigation. Rock Mech Rock Eng 51(8):2339–2354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wild KM, Wymann LP, Zimmer S et al (2015) Water retention characteristics and state-dependent mechanical and petro-physical properties of a clay shale. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(2):427–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu ZJ, Lu K, Weng L et al (2021) Investigations on the seepage characteristics of fractured sandstone based on NMR real-time imaging. Chin J Rock Mech Engn 40(2):263–275 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang SQ, Jing HW, Cheng L (2014) Influences of pore pressure on short-term and creep mechanical behavior of red sandstone. Eng Geol 179:10–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao Q, Chen T, Ju M et al (2016) Effects of water intrusion on mechanical properties of and crack propagation in coal. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(12):4699–4709

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu L, Zhang Z, Wu J et al (2020) Experimental study on the dynamic fracture mechanical properties of limestone after chemical corrosion. Theor Appl Fract Mec 108:102620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang QB, Zhao J (2014) A review of dynamic experimental techniques and mechanical behaviour of rock materials. Rock Mech Rock Eng 47(4):1411–1478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Chen X, Yao H et al (2021) Experimental investigation on tensile strength of jurassic red-bed sandstone under the conditions of water pressures and wet-dry cycles. KSCE J Civ Eng 25(7):2713–2724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao C, Hobbs BE, Ord A (2016) Chemical dissolution-front instability associated with water-rock reactions in groundwater hydrology: Analyses of porosity-permeability relationship effects. J Hydrol 540:1078–1087

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng K, Meng QS, Wang R et al (2019) Elastic wave properties of coral reef limestone with different structural types. Rock Soil Mech 40(8):3081–3089 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou QY, Hang YY, Liu HL et al (2009) The anisotropic properties of rock resistivity during saturation and desaturation processes revealed by electrical resistivity tomography. Chinese J Geophys 52(1):281–288 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51774295, 42177132 and 52079071).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, 210007, China

    Hongya Li & Linjian Ma

  2. Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China

    Chao Yang & Jie Liu

  3. Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, 610072, China

    Yan Sima

  4. Key Laboratory of New Technology for the Construction of Cities in Mountain Areas, College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China

    Yunzhou Li

Authors
  1. Hongya Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Linjian Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chao Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yan Sima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jie Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yunzhou Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Linjian Ma.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, H., Ma, L., Yang, C. et al. Experimental investigation on the damage and deterioration of sandstone subjected to cycling pore water pressure. Bull Eng Geol Environ 82, 107 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-023-03147-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-023-03147-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation