Abstract
Detailed subsurface modeling, help safe and cost-effective operations. The proposed model by integration of geological data, petrophysical data, and geomechanical model allowed for better reservoir characterization, development, and management. Well data such as leak-off test or mini-frac and image logs are found essential for constructing the geomechanical model. Since these data are rarely available, the geomechanical unit (GMU) concept is used in this study to cover such a gap. Based on facies index (percentage of grains, cement, dolomite, matrix, or microporosity), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and porosity, the studied formation was divided into five GMUs. From GMU1 to GMU5, the amount of cement and dolomite, UCS, cohesion, friction angle, fracture toughness, and brittleness increase, whereas porosity, bioclasts/grains, and clay content decrease. Optimization of geomechanical model by GMU concept was caused to show a good correlation between GMUs distribution and breakouts and breakdowns of the studied well. The GMU1 and GMU2 were found more susceptible to breakout, the GMU4 and GMU5 more susceptible to breakdown, while the GMU3 contains both breakdown and breakout zones. For a safe drilling in the studied formation, the highest breakout pressure (11.5 ppg) was observed for the GMU1 and GMU2 and the lowest (8 ppg) was seen for GMU4 and GMU5. The results of this study may help in designing, based on optimized geomechanical units, and safe mud weight window for drilling in heterogeneous reservoirs.
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Change history
25 June 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02788-8
Abbreviations
- GMU:
-
Geomechanical unit
- UCS :
-
UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
- Ppg :
-
Pounds per gallon
- DSI :
-
Dipole sonic imager
- CT :
-
Computer tomography
- FI :
-
Facies index
- K IC :
-
Fracture toughness
- Vs :
-
S-wave velocity
- Vp :
-
P-wave velocity
- SCB :
-
Semi-circular bend
- BI :
-
Brittleness index
- MRGC :
-
Multi regression graph base clustering
- MEM:
-
Mechanical earth model
- C :
-
Cohesive strength
- φ :
-
Internal friction angle
- \({\sigma }_{v}\) :
-
Vertical stress
- \({\sigma }_{h}\) :
-
Minimum horizontal stress
- \({\sigma }_{H}\) :
-
Maximum horizontal stress
- P pg :
-
Pore pressure gradient
- MW :
-
Mud weight
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Acknowledgements
The University of Tehran is thanked for providing facilities for this research. The authors also acknowledge Iranian Central Oilfields Company for the data used in this study.
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The original online version of this article was revised: Originally, the article was published with an error. The author “Abdohossein Amini” should be changed to “Abdolhossein Amini” with the correct affiliation; “School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Gharechelou, S., Amini, A., Bohloli, B. et al. An integrated geomechanical model for a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir in SW Iran, using geomechanical unit concept. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 268 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02769-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02769-x