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Asymmetric large deformation of tunnel induced by groundwater in carbonaceous shale

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Abstract

The Xinhua Mountain Tunnel, which belongs to Zhangjiajie-Jishou-Huaihua Highspeed Railway, encounters asymmetric large deformation when tunnelling through carbonaceous shale stratum, accompanied with groundwater inflow. To reveal the mechanism of large deformation, the mechanical properties of carbonaceous shale are investigated by laboratory tests, and a numerical model is established to analyze tunnel deformation considering different bedding angles, bedding spaces, and water contents. Finally, countermeasures for large deformation are put forward. It is found that the significant strength reduction of carbonaceous shale under the action of groundwater is the main reason for tunnel asymmetric large deformation. The carbonaceous shale has obvious anisotropic characteristics. Its uniaxial compressive strength is 44.63–159.52 MPa and is in U-shaped distribution with the increase of bedding angle. While, that reduces sharply to 15.56 MPa under saturation. The tunnel deformation changes in the exponential form as the bedding space or groundwater content increases. The difference exists in that the tunnel deformation is positively correlated with the change of bedding space, but negatively correlated with water content. From the feedback, the combined countermeasures, i.e., surface sleeve valve pipe grouting reinforcement, backfilling, advanced pipe shed, arch foot reinforcement and arch replacement, can effectively deal with tunnel asymmetric large deformation, indicating that the proposed countermeasures are reliable.

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Funding

This work presented in this paper was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51978669, 52008403), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 2021JJ30825, 2020JJ5732), Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University (No. 2020CX011) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (No. 2021zzts0229).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Chenyang Zhao, Mingfeng Lei, Chaojun Jia, Keyue Zheng, Yintao Song & Yuanbo Shi

  2. MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy Haul Railway (Central South University), Changsha, China

    Mingfeng Lei

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  1. Chenyang Zhao
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  2. Mingfeng Lei
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  3. Chaojun Jia
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  4. Keyue Zheng
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  5. Yintao Song
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  6. Yuanbo Shi
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Correspondence to Chaojun Jia.

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Zhao, C., Lei, M., Jia, C. et al. Asymmetric large deformation of tunnel induced by groundwater in carbonaceous shale. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 260 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02757-1

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