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Role of bedding plane in the relationship between Mode-I fracture toughness and tensile strength of shale

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Abstract

Shale exhibits strong anisotropy due to the sedimentary environment and pre-existing micro-fractures. It is of great significance to characterize the bedding-plane-induced fracture toughness anisotropy in shale and its relationship with other physical and mechanical properties. Samples with different bedding angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°), defined as the angle between loading axis and bedding plane, are prepared for cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc test and Brazilian disc test. The results indicate that both fracture toughness and tensile strength are positively correlated with the bedding angle. As the bedding angle rises, the elastic modulus and wave speed decrease nonlinearly. With the increase in bedding angle, Poisson’s ratio decreases first and then increases. It can be concluded that fracture toughness and mechanical properties of shale reveal the degree of anisotropy induced by bedding structure. In this study, the relationship between these parameters is discussed in detail. Also, an exponential function is proposed to improve the previously developed linear functions by researchers, defining the relationship between fracture toughness and the mechanical properties. In geological-engineering projects, the fracture toughness of shale under different loading directions can be determined from the proposed exponential function and these mechanical properties.

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Acknowledgements

All authors contributed to the study idea and experiments design. The whole process of tests and writing article was organized and funded by Yixin Zhao. Sample preparation and tests were performed by Xiaoshan Shi, Xin Zhang, and Tiewu Tang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Xiaoshan Shi, and the polishing language was done by Nima Noraei Danesh. All authors read and approved the previous version and the final manuscript.

Funding

This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant no. 51874312, no. U1910206, and no. 51861145403; Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Department Project (no. 2019GG140); and also Major scientific and technological innovation project of Shandong Province, 2019SDZY01 and 2019SDZY02.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Xiaoshan Shi, Yixin Zhao & Nima Noraei Danesh

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Xiaoshan Shi & Yixin Zhao

  3. State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining, Beijing, 102209, China

    Yixin Zhao

  4. Beijing Mentougou District Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Beijing, 102300, China

    Xin Zhang

  5. Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Tiewu Tang

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  1. Xiaoshan Shi
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Correspondence to Yixin Zhao.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Shi, X., Zhao, Y., Danesh, N.N. et al. Role of bedding plane in the relationship between Mode-I fracture toughness and tensile strength of shale. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 81 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02572-8

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