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Improved dataset for establishing novel relationships between compaction characteristics and physical properties of soils

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Abstract

In the past, several studies were performed for assessment of compaction properties of different types of soils. A comprehensive evaluation of compaction parameters is essential for engineers working in practice. The main goals of compaction in landfills including highways and railways can be listed as reducing permeability and developing strength as well as enhancing the stability of soils. Literature includes various correlations proposed for establishing the link between the compaction properties of soils and Atterberg limits. Besides, many researchers performed laboratory studies to obtain correlations among soil index, strength, compression, and compaction characteristics of soils. In this study, in addition to authors’ own data composed of compaction, strength, index, and consistency identifiers of sand-clay mixtures from three different types of sands (S1, S2, Q) and two types of clays (kaolinite and bentonite), a vast amount of data from past studies including tests on different types of soils around the world were also compiled. The global database was evaluated to propose novel correlative relationships among compaction characteristics, grain size distribution properties, and Atterberg limits. Proposed equations and relationships for estimation of compaction characteristics seem to be viable to use in practice.

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Abbreviations

α:

Dimensionless parameter \(\left(\frac{MDD_{MP}}{MDD_{SP}}\right)\)

β:

Dimensionless parameter \(\left(\frac{OWC_{MP}}{OWC_{SP}}\right)\)

C u :

Uniformity coefficient

CE :

Compaction energy (kJ/m3)

CEL :

Compaction energy level

D c :

Degree of compaction (ρd/ρdmax)

F c :

Fines content (< 75μm)

\({\gamma }_{dmax}\) :

Maximum dry unit weight (kN/m3)

MDD :

Maximum dry density (g cm−3)

MP :

Modified Proctor compaction tests

LL :

Liquid limit (%)

OCL :

Optimum compaction line

OWC :

Optimum water content (%)

ODS :

Optimum degree of saturation (%)

PL :

Plastic limit (%)

PI :

Plasticity index (%)

ρ d :

Dry density (g cm−3)

ρ s :

Soil grain density (g cm−3)

ρ w :

Water density (1.0 g cm−3)

R p :

Plasticity ratio (PL/LL)

R 2 :

Coefficient of determination

R :

Coefficient of correlation

S r :

Degree of saturation (%)

SP :

Standard Proctor compaction tests

S # :

Normalized degree of saturation (Sr/Sopt)

v a :

Air porosity (%)

w :

Water content (%)

w # :

Normalized water content (w/wopt)

ZAV :

Zero air voids (va = 0%

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi, 274-8501, Japan

    Satoru Shimobe

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Turkey

    Eyyub Karakan

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

    Alper Sezer

Authors
  1. Satoru Shimobe
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  2. Eyyub Karakan
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  3. Alper Sezer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eyyub Karakan.

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Highlights

• Results of compaction tests on a wide range of soil types were presented.

• Effect of fines content on compaction parameters are evaluated.

• Dependency of degree of saturation on consistency and water content was questioned.

• Effect of soil consistency on degree of compaction was discussed.

• Effect of compactive effort on compaction identifiers was assessed.

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Shimobe, S., Karakan, E. & Sezer, A. Improved dataset for establishing novel relationships between compaction characteristics and physical properties of soils. Bull Eng Geol Environ 80, 8633–8663 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02456-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02456-3

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