Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Predicting excavation methods and rock support: a case study from the Himalayan region of India

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Tapovan Vishnugad hydropower project (4 × 130 MW) in the Himalayan region of India, has been used as a case study to compare the problems and cost-effectiveness of a TBM or drill and blast excavation of the headrace tunnel and to assess the rock support measures for the powerhouse cavern. The NTH time and cost prognosis model indicated that the TBM would give a better weekly advance rate and unit excavation cost for the headrace tunnel. The Phase 2 finite element numerical modeling tool and the Hoek–Brown failure criterion were used to analyse the stresses and displacements likely to be experienced in the underground excavations. The rock support determined was compared with that indicated using the Q-method. The work has shown that numerical modeling can prove very useful in supplementing the results, provided the input parameters are accurate and take into account both direct measurements and judgment based on experience of the actual ground conditions.

Résumé

Le projet hydroélectrique de Tapovan Vishnugad (4 × 130 MW) dans la région himalayenne de l’Inde a été considéré comme étude de cas pour comparer les problèmes techniques et les coûts afférant à l’excavation au tunnelier, ou par des méthodes traditionnelles, de la galerie d’amenée et pour évaluer les dispositifs de confortement de l’usine hydroélectrique souterraine. Le « NTH time » et le modèle d’évaluation de coût ont indiqué que le tunnelier donnerait une cadence d’avancement à la semaine et un coût d’excavation légèrement meilleurs pour la galerie d’amenée. L’outil Phase de modélisation numérique par éléments finis et le critère de rupture de Hoek et Brown ont été utilisés pour analyser les contraintes et les déplacements attendus dans les excavations souterraines. Les renforcements mécaniques calculés ont été comparés avec ceux obtenus à partir de la méthode Q de Barton. Le travail a montré que la simulation numérique était très utile à condition que les paramètres d’entrée des modèles soient suffisamment précis et prennent en compte à la fois les mesures directes et le jugement d’expert quant aux conditions réelles de terrain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bruland A Project Report 1B-98 Hard rock tunnel boring. Advance rate and cutter wear. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Bruland A Project Report 1C-98 Hard rock tunnel boring. Costs. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Bruland A Project Report 1D-98 hard rock tunnel boring. Geology and site investigation. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Chandra S (2008) Engineering geological analysis of Tapovan Vishnugad hydropower project in Himalayan region, India. M.Sc. thesis in hydropower development. Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Detailed Project Report, Tapovan—Vishnugadh HEP (Uttaranchal), India

  • Divatia E, Venkatesha CR, Binquet J, Colombet G (1993) Design of 10.6 km long headrace tunnel for Dul Hasti hydroelectric project (India). In: Burger H (ed) Options for tunneling 1993, developments in geotechnical engineering 74. Elsevier Science Publishers

  • Engineering Geology, Practical Use of the Q-Method, NGI Report (1997)

  • Goel RK (2004) Central Mining Research Insititute, India. Experiences of tunnelling in fragile Himalayan rocks, paper 3A 02, SINOROCK2004 symposium, Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, vol 41, no. 3, CD-ROM, ©2004 Elsevier Ltd

  • Goel RK, Jethwa JL, Paithankar AG (1995) Tunneling through the young Himalayas—a case history of the Maneri-Uttarkashi power tunnel. Eng Geol 39:31–44, Elsevier Science

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoek E (2000) Practical rock engineering. Rockscience Inc. http://www.rockscience.com

  • Nilsen B, Alf T (1993) Rock engineering. Hydropower Development Series 9, NTNU

  • Nilsen B, Ozdemir L (1992) TBM projects and case histories in Norway. Proc annual technical conference of Institute of Shaft Drilling Technology (ISDT-92), Las Vegas, pp 4.15–4.33

  • Nilsen B, Palmström A (2000) Handbook no. 2, engineering geology and rock engineering. Norwegian Group for Rock Mechanics (NBG)

  • PHASE2 manual. http://www.rocscience.com/products/Phase2.asp

  • Project Report 2A-95. Tunneling blast design. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Project Report 2B-95. Tunneling prognosis for drill and blast. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

  • Project Report 2C-95. Tunneling cost for drill and blast. Department of Building and Construction Engineering, NTNU, Norway

Download references

Acknowledgments

Contribution from Central Water Commission, New Delhi, India is acknowledged for kind consent of collecting the data and using the same for the academic purpose.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sharad Chandra.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chandra, S., Nilsen, B. & Lu, M. Predicting excavation methods and rock support: a case study from the Himalayan region of India. Bull Eng Geol Environ 69, 257–266 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-009-0252-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-009-0252-8

Keywords

Mots clés

Navigation