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„Feedback intervention and treatment times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction“

Multizentrisches Projekt zur Verbesserung der Herzinfarktversorgung

Feedback intervention and treatment times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Multicenter project to improve treatment of myocardial infarction

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Bei der Behandlung des akuten ST-Hebung-Myokardinfarkts („ST-elevation myocardial infarction“, STEMI) können die von den Leitlinien vorgegebenen Behandlungszeiten oft nicht eingehalten werden. In „Feedback intervention and treatment times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction“ (FITT-STEMI, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00794001) wird multizentrisch geprüft, ob die Ergebnisse durch standardisierte Datenerfassung mit systematischer Ergebnisrückkopplung verbessert werden können.

Methode

An Zentren mit 24-h-Bereitschaft für eine perkutane koronare Intervention („percutaneous coronary intervention“, PCI) werden bei allen STEMI-Patienten (Symptomdauer < 24 h) die Zeitintervalle der Akutbehandlung ab Erstkontakt mit dem Rettungsdienst prospektiv erfasst (standardisierter Webdokumentationsbogen). Im Anschluss an eine Basisdatenerfassung werden die Ergebnisse anhand prädefinierter Qualitätsindikatoren quartalsweise allen an der Rettungs- sowie Therapiekette beteiligten Gruppen und Personen in gemeinsamen Veranstaltungen präsentiert. Endpunkte im Studienteil sind „Contact-to-balloon“-(C2B)Zeit, klinischer Verlauf und Sterblichkeit; verglichen werden dabei jeweils die Daten in den Quartalen vor und nach der Feedback-Intervention. Im Anschluss an den überwachten Studienteil wird das Projekt an den Teilnahmekliniken optional in Form eines Registers unter Beibehaltung des Feedbacks fortgeführt.

Ergebnisse

In der Pilotphase (6 zentrale PCI-Kliniken mit 29 kooperierenden Krankenhäusern) konnte bei 1183 STEMI die C2B-Zeit signifikant von 165 min im 1. Quartal auf 125 min im 5. Quartal verkürzt werden (Median: von 129 auf 103 min). Im Quartalsvergleich fiel die Krankenhaussterblichkeit gleichzeitig von 11,1 auf 9,0 % und die Einjahressterblichkeit von 14,9 auf 12,5 % ab (1. Quartal vs. 5. Quartal). Der Anteil der nach einem Jahr beschwerdefrei überlebenden Patienten [Stadium I in der Klassifikation der New York Heart Association (NYHA)] stieg zeitgleich von 45,6 auf 51,5 % an. Inzwischen beteiligen sich in Deutschland 32 PCI-Klinik-Systeme mit weit mehr als 100 Kooperationskrankenhäusern am FITT-STEMI-Projekt; bisher wurden knapp 10.000 STEMI-Patienten prospektiv aufgenommen.

Schlussfolgerung

Die systematische Ergebnisrückkopplung führt zu einer Verkürzung der Behandlungszeiten bei STEMI. Das FITT-STEMI-Projekt soll weiterhin zeigen, welche Patienten prognostisch besonders profitieren und ob das Vorgehen für die STEMI-Versorgung dauerhaft notwendig und auch praktikabel ist.

Abstract

Background

For many patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) the time from presentation to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) exceeds established goals. The multicenter study “Feedback intervention and treatment times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction” (FITT-STEMI, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00794001) was conducted to examine the effects of formalized data assessment and systematic feedback on treatment times and outcome.

Methods

At centers providing 24-h PCI the time intervals of acute treatment starting with first medical contact were recorded using a standardized web documentation form for all STEMI patients with a duration of symptoms < 24 h. On a 3-month (quarter year) basis data on time to treatment and the individual components from initial patient contact to balloon (C2B) inflation were collected, presented and discussed with staff involved in the evaluation, transfer and treatment of patients (interactive sessions with emergency medical service, emergency department and catheterization laboratory staff, interventional cardiologists and staff of the emergency responding system). Clinical endpoints were C2B times, clinical outcome and mortality rates when comparing the data in the quarter year period prior to and after feedback intervention. At the end of the monitoring portion of the study period (five quarter year periods), the project was continued at the participating clinics in the form of a registry and retaining the feedback concept.

Results

In the pilot phase (6 central PCI hospitals with 29 cooperating non-PCI hospitals) the C2B time (as primary endpoint) was significantly reduced from 165 min in the first quarter year period to 125 min in the fifth quarter year period (median from 129 min to 103 min). In a comparison of the quarter year periods, the hospital mortality rate also decreased from 11.1 to 9.0 % and the 1-year mortality rate fell from 14.9 to 12.5 % (first quarter year versus fifth quarter year). At the same time the proportion of patients surviving without clinical symptoms with a New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I rose from 45.6 to 51.5 %. There are currently 32 PCI clinic systems with more than 100 cooperating hospitals in Germany participating in the FITT-STEMI project and so far nearly 10,000 STEMI patients have been prospectively included.

Conclusion

Formalized data assessment and systematic feedback leads to a marked reduction in treatment times in patients with STEMI. The objective of the ongoing FITT-STEMI project is to analyze clinical outcome focusing on subgroups and different risk groups with mortality as the primary clinical endpoint.

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Compliance with Ethics Guidelines

Conflict of interest. K.H. Scholz received financial support from ALKK (Stiftung Versorgungsforschung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausärzte) and the German Heart Foundation (Deutsche Herzstiftung). This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Scholz, K. „Feedback intervention and treatment times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction“. Notfall Rettungsmed 16, 260–268 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-013-1695-9

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