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Migraine genetics: current findings and future lines of research

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Abstract

In the last two decades, migraine research has greatly advanced our current knowledge of the genetic contributions and the pathophysiology of this common and debilitating disorder. Nonetheless, this knowledge still needs to grow further and to translate into more effective treatments. To date, several genes involved in syndromic and monogenic forms of migraine have been identified, allowing the generation of animal models which have significantly contributed to current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying these rare forms of migraine. Common forms of migraine are instead posing a greater challenge, as they may most often stem from complex interactions between multiple common genetic variants, with environmental triggers. This paper reviews our current understanding of migraine genetics, moving from syndromic and monogenic forms to oligogenic/polygenic migraines most recently addressed with some success through genome-wide association studies. Methodological issues in study design and future perspectives opened by biomarker research will also be briefly addressed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Drs. Maria Dora Morgante, Anna Crapulli, and to the personnel of the library at UCBM for their assistance in collecting the literature reviewed in the present article.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Other research by the authors is supported through the Italian Ministry for University, Scientific Research and Technology (PRIN n.2006058195 and n.2008BACT54_002), the Italian Ministry of Health (RFPS-2007-5-640174 and RF-2011-02350537), the Fondazione Gaetano e Mafalda Luce (Milan, Italy), Autism Speaks (Princeton, NJ), the Autism Research Institute (San Diego, CA), and the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking (EU-AIMS, n. 115300).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University “Campus Bio-Medico”, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy

    A. M. Persico, M. Verdecchia & V. Pinzone

  2. Mafalda Luce Center for Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Milan, Italy

    A. M. Persico

  3. Department of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy

    V. Guidetti

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  1. A. M. Persico
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  3. V. Pinzone
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Correspondence to A. M. Persico.

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Persico, A.M., Verdecchia, M., Pinzone, V. et al. Migraine genetics: current findings and future lines of research. Neurogenetics 16, 77–95 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10048-014-0433-x

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