Table 5 Patient characteristics according to intraoperative central or peripheral VA-ECMO use
Variable | central VA- ECMO(n = 308) | peripheral VA-ECMO (n = 7) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Pre-operative Characteristics | |||
Age, years | 61.0 [50.0–66.0] | 42.0 [38.0–55.0] | 0.01 |
Gender | 0.13 | ||
Male | 164 (53.2%) | 6 (85.7%) | |
Female | 144 (46.8%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.5 [21.9–29.5] | 22.7 [20.6–24.0] | 0.12 |
BSA, m2 | 1.9 [1.7-2.0] | 1.8 [1.7–1.9] | 0.43 |
Single/Bilateral | 0.60 | ||
Single | 44 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Bilateral | 264 (85.7%) | 7 (100.0%) | |
Smoking history | 141 (45.8%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0.13 |
Hypertension | 169 (54.9%) | 4 (57.1%) | 1.00 |
Diabetes | 88 (28.6%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.42 |
CKD | 24 (7.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0.11 |
Etiology | < 0.001 | ||
CLAD | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (100.0%) | |
ILD | 148 (48.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
COPD | 36 (11.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
PAH | 29 (9.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
ARDS | 36 (11.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Others | 59 (19.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Laboratory | |||
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.4 [9.3–13.2] | 8.4 [7.5–10.7] | 0.01 |
WBC, 1,000/mm3 | 9.2 [7.1–11.8] | 6.2 [2.9–10.6] | 0.05 |
Platelets, 1,000/mm3 | 238.0 [178.0-304.0] | 192.0 [165.0-373.0] | 0.99 |
Sodium, mEq/L | 139.0 [137.0-141.0] | 142.0 [138.0-143.0] | 0.10 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 [0.6–0.9] | 1.0 [0.7–1.4] | 0.02 |
ALT, U/L | 17.0 [11.5–26.5] | 13.0 [8.0–23.0] | 0.40 |
AST, U/L | 21.0 [17.0–28.0] | 23.0 [15.0–29.0] | 0.81 |
Albumin, g/dL | 3.9 [3.5–4.2] | 4.0 [3.3-4.0] | 0.48 |
Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.5 [0.4–0.8] | 0.3 [0.3–0.5] | 0.02 |
Donor inforomation | |||
Age, years | 35.0 [26.0–45.0] | 39.0 [28.0–45.0] | 0.86 |
Gender | 0.43 | ||
Male | 202 (65.6%) | 6 (85.7%) | |
Female | 106 (34.4%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
Cause of death | 0.54 | ||
Anoxia | 123 (39.9%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
Stroke | 80 (26.0%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
Head Trauma | 101 (32.8%) | 4 (57.1%) | |
Other | 4 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Intra-operative outcomes | |||
Operative time (hours) | 6.1 [5.1–7.9] | 6.8 [6.0-7.9] | 0.39 |
Intra-op blood transfusion; pRBC | 280.0 [0.0-560.0] | 560.0 [280.0-1400.0] | 0.04 |
Intra-op blood transfusion; FFP | 0.0 [0.0-140.0] | 140.0 [0.0-560.0] | 0.12 |
Intra-op blood transfusion; Plt | 0.0 [0.0-140.0] | 0.0 [0.0-280.0] | 0.33 |
Ischemic time (hours) | 5.7 [4.9–6.8] | 7.4 [7.1–11.4] | 0.002 |
VA ECMO time (hours) | 2.8 [2.3–3.3] | 3.7 [2.4-4.0] | 0.36 |
Post-operative outcomes | |||
de novo DSA | 50 (16.2%) | 1 (14.3%) | 1.00 |
PGD grade3 | 57 (18.5%) | 1 (14.3%) | 1.00 |
AKI | 161 (52.3%) | 6 (85.7%) | 0.13 |
Dialysis | 50 (16.2%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0.33 |
CVA | 10 (3.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
Bowel Ischemia | 3 (1.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
Digital Ischemia | 9 (2.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
DVT | 151 (49.0%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0.45 |
PE | 36 (11.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 |
Hemothorax | 81 (26.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.20 |
post ECMO use | 55 (17.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.61 |
ICU stay | 9.0 [5.0-20.5] | 10.0 [4.0–24.0] | 1.00 |
Post transplant ventilator | 2.0 [1.0-0.5] | 2.0 [1.0–7.0] | 0.75 |
Hospital stay | 21.0 [13.0–37.0] | 18.0 [11.0–9.0] | 0.82 |
Follo-up period (days) | 700.0 [330.5-1221.5] | 469.0 [199.0-766.0] | 0.16 |