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Continuous-flow pump model study: the effect on pump performance of pump characteristics and cardiovascular conditions

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Abstract

This model study evaluates the effect of pump characteristics and cardiovascular data on hemodynamics in atrio–aortic VAD assistance. The model includes a computational circulatory sub-model and an electrical sub-model representing two rotary blood pumps through their pressure–flow characteristics. The first is close to a pressure generator—PG (average flow sensitivity to pressure variations, −0.047 l mmHg−1); the second is closer to a flow generator—FG (average flow sensitivity to pressure variations, −0.0097 l mmHg−1). Interaction with VAD was achieved by means of two interfaces, behaving as impedance transformers. The model was verified by use of literature data and VAD onset conditions were used as a control for the experiments. Tests compared the two pumps, at constant pump speed, in different ventricular and circulatory conditions: maximum ventricular elastance (0.44–0.9 mmHg cm−3), systemic peripheral resistance (781–1200 g cm−4 s−1), ventricular diastolic compliance C p (5–10–50 cm3 mmHg−1), systemic arterial compliance (0.9–1.8 cm3 mmHg−1). Analyzed variables were: arterial and venous pressures, flows, ventricular volume, external work, and surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE). The PG pump generated the highest SHE under almost all conditions, in particular for higher C p (+50 %). PG pump flow is also the most sensitive to E max and C p changes (−26 and −33 %, respectively). The FG pump generally guarantees higher external work reduction (54 %) and flow less dependent on circulatory and ventricular conditions. The results are evidence of the importance of pump speed regulation with changing ventricular conditions. The computational sub-model will be part of a hydro-numerical model, including autonomic controls, designed to test different VADs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by European Union (EU) Integrated Project SensorART (Grant Number: 248763).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Section of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Gianfranco Ferrari, Libera Fresiello & Arianna Di Molfetta

  2. PAS, Nałecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw, Poland

    Maciej Kozarski, Libera Fresiello, Krzysztof Zieliński, Krystyna Górczyńska, Krzysztof J. Pałko & Marek Darowski

Authors
  1. Gianfranco Ferrari
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  2. Maciej Kozarski
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  3. Libera Fresiello
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  4. Arianna Di Molfetta
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  5. Krzysztof Zieliński
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  6. Krystyna Górczyńska
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  7. Krzysztof J. Pałko
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  8. Marek Darowski
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Gianfranco Ferrari or Libera Fresiello.

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Ferrari, G., Kozarski, M., Fresiello, L. et al. Continuous-flow pump model study: the effect on pump performance of pump characteristics and cardiovascular conditions. J Artif Organs 16, 149–156 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-013-0691-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-013-0691-7

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