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A spectroscopic study for determining linear optical and predicting nonlinear optical properties of sprayed ZnO:W thin films: an effect of morphology

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Abstract

This paper reports the linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopic study of tungsten-doped zinc oxide thin films (ZnO:W) with various dopant concentration grown by spray pyrolysis technique on pre-heated glass substrates at 450 °C. The ZnO:W thin films are polycrystalline with the hexagonal wurtzite structure and have a preferred orientation with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrates. SEM investigation shows that thin films’ morphology is influenced by dopant concentration. The Appearance of pores on grains surface is observed in thin films doped with 2 at.% of tungsten. In linear optical properties analysis, all films possess high optical transmission in visible domain. The direct optical band gap value was calculated and found to be 3.21, 3.06, 3.17 and 3.14 (eV) for undoped and tungsten-doped thin films, respectively. Refractive index values were calculated and discussed. Third-order nonlinear optical properties were studied using a spectroscopic method. Predicted third order susceptibility values were interpreted. The results reveal that doping by tungsten improved the nonlinear optical susceptibility and that this last is strongly influenced by the structural geometry and it could be enhanced by pores of grains. The obtained results suggest that the prepared thin films recommend their application in laser technology.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the center for innovation and development of faculty of sciences and technologies-Abdelmalek Essaadi University-Tangier. Also the authors thank the service of Scanning Electron Microscopy of faculty of sciences-Ibn Zohr University-Agadir. Morocco

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Materials and Renewable Energies, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Dakhla, BP 8106, Agadir, Morocco

    K. Bahedi

  2. Laboratory of Optoelectronics and Physical Chemistry of Materials, Ibn Tofail University, BP 133, 14000, Kenitra, Morocco

    K. Bahedi, A. Mrigal, A. Talbi, H. Cherrad, N. Fellahi & S. Bayoud

  3. Laboratory of Materials and Valuation of the Resources of the Sciences and Techniques, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 416, Tangier, Morocco

    M. Addou & H. Ftouhi

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  1. K. Bahedi
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Bahedi, K., Addou, M., Mrigal, A. et al. A spectroscopic study for determining linear optical and predicting nonlinear optical properties of sprayed ZnO:W thin films: an effect of morphology. Opt Rev 29, 25–33 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-021-00718-9

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