Skip to main content
Log in

A Robust Point Spread Function Estimation for Out-of-Focus Blurred and Noisy Images Based on a Distribution of Gradient Vectors on the Polar Plane

  • Regular Papers
  • Published:
Optical Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The estimation of the point spread function (PSF) is a very important and indispensable task for practical image restoration. Various PSF estimation algorithms have been developed, especially for the out-of-focus blur. However, a majority of them are useless in an extremely noisy environment. This paper describes a new robust PSF estimation algorithm based on a distribution of gradient vectors on the logarithmic amplitude spectrum mapped to the polar plane. The proposed algorithm can estimate the out-of-focus PSF accurately and robustly, even for an image highly corrupted by noise. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by applying it to the PSF estimation for out-of-focus blurred and noisy images.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. R. Banham A. K. Katsaggelos (1997) IEEE Signal Process Mag. 14 24 Occurrence Handle10.1109/79.581363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. M. I. Sezan A. M. Tekalp (1990) Opt. Eng. 29 393 Occurrence Handle10.1117/12.55610 Occurrence Handle1990OptEn..29..393S

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. H. C. Andrews B. R. Hunt (1977) Digital Image Restoration Prentice Hall New York

    Google Scholar 

  4. W. H. Richardson (1972) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 62 55 Occurrence Handle1972OSAJ...62...55R

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. L. B. Lucy (1974) Astron. J. 79 745 Occurrence Handle10.1086/111605 Occurrence Handle1974AJ.....79..745L

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. I. Rudin S. Osher E. Fatemi (1992) Physica D 60 259 Occurrence Handle0780.49028 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0167-2789(92)90242-F Occurrence Handle1992PhyD...60..259R

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Y. Yitzhaky I. Mor A. Lantzman N. S. Kopeika (1998) J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15 1512 Occurrence Handle10.1364/JOSAA.15.001512 Occurrence Handle1998OSAJ...15.1512Y

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. K. Yoneji M. Tanaka M. Okutomi (2005) IPSJ Sig-CVIM, Tech. Rep. 2005 47

    Google Scholar 

  9. Q. Li Y. Yoshida (1997) IEICE Trans. Fundam. E-80-A 1430

    Google Scholar 

  10. Y. S. Chen I. S. Choa (2000) IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. E83-D 1601

    Google Scholar 

  11. D. B. Gennery (1973) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63 1571 Occurrence Handle1973JOSA...63.1571G Occurrence Handle10.1364/JOSA.63.001571

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Cannon (1976) IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process 24 58 Occurrence Handle10.1109/TASSP.1976.1162770

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. R. Fabian D. Malah (1991) Graph. Models Image Process 53 403 Occurrence Handle10.1016/1049-9652(91)90025-F

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Tsujiuchi and K. Murata: Kogaku Jyoho Syori (Optical Information Processing) (Asakura Shoten, 1974) p. 69 [in Japanese].

  15. Y. Yoshinaga H. Kobatake (1998) IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. J81-D-II 2547

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. Wei Y. Hagihara A. Shimizu H. Kobatake (2001) IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. J84-D-II 1289

    Google Scholar 

  17. Y. Yoshinaga H. Kobatake S. Fukushima S. Nawano (2004) IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. J87-D-II 146

    Google Scholar 

  18. H. Kobatake (2004) IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. J87-D-II 19

    Google Scholar 

  19. M. Sakauchi Y. Ohsawa M. Sone M. Onoe (1984) ITEJ Tech. Rep. 8 7

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Noriaki Suetake.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sakano, M., Suetake, N. & Uchino, E. A Robust Point Spread Function Estimation for Out-of-Focus Blurred and Noisy Images Based on a Distribution of Gradient Vectors on the Polar Plane. OPT REV 14, 297–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-007-0297-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-007-0297-5

Key words

Navigation