Abstract
Understanding contaminant transport in clay-containing soils is critical for accurate prediction of the travel distances of contaminants and for the design and implementation of corresponding remediation plans. This study examined the breakthrough behavior of methylene blue (MB) through sand-illite mixtures using laboratory soil-column experiments at five inlet concentrations, three flow rates, and five illite contents. Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption tests were performed to evaluate the maximum adsorption capacities of the sand and illite used in the soil-column experiments. In addition, the bed efficiency, MB saturation, and adsorption rate were calculated to quantitatively describe the observed breakthrough curves. The observed breakthrough curves, bed efficiencies, MB saturations, and adsorption rates in this study demonstrated the presence of a threshold illite content of ~10% for the adsorption efficiency of contaminants. This implies the need to evaluate the threshold clay content for accurate predictions of contaminant transport through gap-graded clay-containing soils.
Résumé
Il est essentiel de comprendre le transport des contaminants dans les sols argileux pour prédire avec précision les distances de déplacement des contaminants et pour concevoir et mettre en œuvre les plans d'assainissement correspondants. Cette étude a examiné le comportement du bleu de méthylène (BM) à travers des mélanges de sable-illite en utilisant des expériences sur colonne de sol en laboratoire avec cinq concentrations d'entrée, trois débits et cinq teneurs en illite. Des tests d'adsorption cinétique et d'équilibre ont été réalisés pour évaluer les capacités maximales d'adsorption du sable et de l'illite utilisés dans les expériences sur colonne de sol. En outre, l'efficacité du lit de sédiment, la saturation en BM et le taux d'adsorption ont été calculés pour décrire quantitativement les courbes de percée observées. Les courbes de percée observées, l'efficacité du lit, les saturations en BM et les taux d'adsorption dans cette étude ont démontré la présence d'un seuil de teneur en illite d'environ 10 % pour l'efficacité de l'adsorption des contaminants. Cela implique la nécessité d'évaluer le seuil de la teneur en argile pour des prévisions précises du transport des contaminants à travers les sols argileux à granulométrie discontinue.
Resumen
La comprensión del transporte de contaminantes en suelos arcillosos es fundamental para la predicción correcta de las distancias de desplazamiento de los contaminantes y para el diseño y aplicación de los planes de remediación correspondientes. Este estudio examinó el comportamiento de penetración del azul de metileno (MB) a través de mezclas de arena e illita utilizando experimentos de laboratorio en columnas de suelo con cinco concentraciones de entrada, tres caudales y cinco contenidos de illita. Se realizaron ensayos de adsorción en equilibrio y cinéticos para evaluar las capacidades máximas de adsorción de la arena y la illita utilizadas en los experimentos suelo-columna. Además, se calcularon la eficiencia del lecho, la saturación de MB y la tasa de adsorción para describir cuantitativamente las curvas de penetración observadas. Las curvas de penetración observadas, las eficiencias del lecho, las saturaciones de MB y las tasas de adsorción en este estudio demostraron la presencia de un umbral de contenido de illita de ~10% para la eficiencia de adsorción de contaminantes. Esto implica la necesidad de evaluar el contenido umbral de arcilla para realizar predicciones precisas del transporte de contaminantes a través de suelos arcillosos.
摘要
了解含粘土土壤中污染物的传输对于准确预测污染物行程距离以及设计和实施相应的修复计划至关重要。本研究利用实验室土柱实验，研究了甲基蓝(MB)在砂石-伊利石混合物中的穿透行为，包括五种进口浓度、三种流速和五种伊利石含量。动力学和平衡吸附实验用于评估土柱实验中使用的砂石和伊利石的最大吸附能力。此外，计算了基础效率、MB饱和度和吸附速率以定量描述观察到的穿透曲线。本研究观察到的穿透曲线、基础效率、MB饱和度和吸附速率表明，存在大约10%的阈值伊利石含量，用于污染物的吸附效率。这意味着需要评估间隙级配含粘土土壤的阈值粘土含量，以准确预测污染物的传输。
Abstract
점토를 함유한 토양에서 오염물질 이동을 이해하는 것은 오염물질 이동거리의 정확한 예측 및 정화계획 설계에 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 다섯가지의 주입농도, 세 가지 유속 및 다섯 가지의 일라이트 함량에서의 모래-일라이트 혼합토의 메틸렌 블루 이동을 실내 토양칼럼실험을 통하여 수행하였다. 토양칼럼실험의 모래-일라이트 혼합토의 최대 흡착능력을 평가하기 위하여 흡착속도와 흡착평형실험이 수행되었다. 또한 관찰된 출현곡선을 정량화하기 위해 베드 효율, 메틸렌블루 포화도 및 흡착속도가 산정되었다. 본 연구에서 산정된 출현곡선, 베드 효율, 메틸렌블루 포화도, 흡착속도는 오염물질의 흡착 효율에 대한 임계 일라이트 함량이 10% 가량되는 것을 나타낸다. 이는 갭입도를 가진 점토를 포함한 지반의 오염물질 이동 예측에 임계 점토 함량이 고려되어야 함을 의미한다.
Resumo
Entender o transporte de contaminantes em solos com argila é fundamental para uma predição precisa das distâncias atingidas pelo contaminantes e para a formulação e implementação de planos de remediação. Este estudo avaliou o comportamento do azul de metileno (AM) em misturas de areia-ilita através de experimentos de laboratório em colunas de solo, com cinco concentrações iniciais, três velocidades de fluxo, e cinco composições da ilita. Testes de adsorção cinética e em equilíbrio foram utilizados para avaliar a capacidade máxima de adsorção das areias e ilitas utilizadas nos experimentos de coluna. Além disso, a eficiência da camada, a saturação do AM e a taxa de adsorção foram calculadas para descrever quantitativamente as curvas de identificação observadas. As curvas de identificação observadas, eficiências de camadas, a saturação do AM e as taxas de adsorção neste estudo demonstraram a presença de um limite de teor de ilita de ~10% para a eficiência de adsorção de contaminantes. Isso implica a necessidade de avaliar o teor limiar de argila para previsões precisas do transporte de contaminantes através de solos mal graduados com argila.
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This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants (2022R1C1C1007296 and 2020R1A6A1A03045059) funded by the Korean government.
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Lee, S., Yang, S., Lee, D. et al. Methylene blue transport in a sand-illite mixture and its implications for contaminant transport. Hydrogeol J 31, 1245–1257 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-023-02647-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-023-02647-0