Abstract
Dewatering in deep excavation projects induces groundwater-level drops and the loss of groundwater resources. A series of multi-well pumping-recharge tests were carried out in a phreatic aquifer in Beijing (China) to study the feasibility and effectiveness of artificial recharge applied to dewatering projects and to understand the influence of artificial recharge on deep excavation dewatering especially. During the tests, the abstraction and recharge quantity were almost equal. The abstraction was positively correlated with the injection. Under the conditions of significant groundwater-level difference and excellent hydraulic conductivity in the gravel strata, the injected water mainly seeped towards the excavation sites and quickly induced an increase in abstraction quantity. For example, to maintain the groundwater level in the excavation pits at 15 m above mean sea level, the water abstraction rate from the pits increased by 21,702 m3/day (i.e., increased rate of about 32%) compared with the corresponding case without recharge. The results show that it is feasible to conduct artificial recharge to infiltrate all the pumped water into the pumped aquifer and simultaneously maintain the excavation pits in dry workable conditions; artificial recharge has the advantage of mitigating groundwater overexploitation and helping the goal of sustainable use of water resources. To ensure the successful operation of the pumping-recharge system, an analytical method was proposed to predict the discharge rate (or quantity) under the combination of pumping and recharge based on steady-state and Dupuit assumptions. The usefulness of this method was demonstrated with data from field tests.
Résumé
Le dénoyage des travaux d’excavation profonde induit des baisses du niveau des eaux souterraines et une déperdition de la ressource en eau. Une série de tests de pompage-recharge à puits multiples a été réalisée dans un aquifère phréatique à Pékin (Chine) afin d’étudier la faisabilité et l’efficacité d’une recharge artificielle appliquée à des opérations de dénoyage et comprendre en particulier l’influence de la recharge artificielle sur le dénoyage d’une excavation profonde. Pendant les essais, les volumes extraits et rechargés étaient sensiblement égaux. L’extraction était corrélée positivement avec l’injection. Dans des conditions d’une importante différence de niveau des eaux souterraines et d’une très bonne conductivité hydraulique des couches de gravier, l’eau injectée a percolé principalement vers les sites d’excavation et a induit rapidement un accroissement de la quantité extraite. Par exemple, afin de maintenir le niveau des eaux souterraines dans les fosses ’excavation à 15 m au-dessus du niveau moyen de la mer, le taux de prélèvement dans les fosses a été augmentée de 21,702 m3/jour (soit une augmentation de débit d’environ 32%), par rapport au cas sans recharge. Les résultats montrent qu’il est possible de conduire une recharge artificielle destinée à infiltrer toute l’eau pompée dans l’aquifère sollicité et de maintenir simultanément les fosses d’excavation dans les conditions d’un dénoyage suffisant; la recharge artificielle a l’avantage d’atténuer la surexploitation des eaux souterraines et de contribuer à l’objectif d’une utilisation durable de la ressource en eau. Pour assurer le bon fonctionnement du système de pompage-recharge, une méthode analytique a été proposée destinée à prédire le débit de la décharge (ou son volume) pour une combinaison de pompage et de recharge basée sur le régime permanent et les hypothèses de Dupuit. L’utilité de cette méthode a été démontrée grâce aux données provenant des essais de terrain.
Resumen
El drenaje en proyectos de excavación profunda induce el descenso del nivel y la pérdida de recursos hídricos subterráneos. Se llevaron a cabo una serie de ensayos de bombeo y recarga de varios pozos en un acuífero freático de Pekín (China) para estudiar la viabilidad y la eficacia de la recarga artificial aplicada a los proyectos de drenaje y para comprender la influencia de la recarga artificial especialmente en el drenaje de excavaciones profundas. Durante los ensayos, la cantidad de extracción y de recarga fueron casi iguales. La extracción estaba positivamente correlacionada con la inyección. En las condiciones de una importante diferencia de nivel de agua subterránea y una excelente conductividad hidráulica en los estratos de grava, el agua inyectada se filtraba principalmente hacia los lugares de excavación e inducía rápidamente un aumento del volumen de extracción. Por ejemplo, para mantener el nivel de las aguas subterráneas en los pozos de excavación a 15 m por encima del nivel medio del mar, la tasa de extracción de agua de los pozos aumentó en 21,702 m3/día (es decir, una tasa de aumento de aproximadamente el 32%) en comparación con el caso correspondiente sin recarga. Los resultados muestran que es factible llevar a cabo una recarga artificial para infiltrar toda el agua bombeada en el acuífero y mantener simultáneamente los pozos de excavación en condiciones de trabajo en seco; la recarga artificial tiene la ventaja de mitigar la sobreexplotación de las aguas subterráneas y ayudar al objetivo de uso sostenible de los recursos hídricos. Para garantizar el buen funcionamiento del sistema de bombeo-recarga, se propuso un método analítico para predecir la tasa (o cantidad) de descarga bajo la combinación de bombeo y recarga, basándose en hipótesis de estado estacionario y de Dupuit. La utilidad de este método se demostró con datos de pruebas de campo.
摘要
深基坑工程中的排水会引起地下水位下降和地下水资源的减少。在中国北京的一个潜水含水层中进行了一系列多井抽水回灌试验, 以研究人工回灌应用于排水项目的可行性和有效性, 特别是了解人工回灌对深基坑排水的影响。在试验过程中, 抽水量和补给量几乎相等。抽水率与注入率正相关。在砾石地层地下水位差异较大、渗透系数优良的条件下, 注入水主要向开挖部位渗流, 导致抽水量迅速增加。例如, 为了将基坑地下水位维持在平均海平面以上15 m, 基坑的抽水率比没有补给的相应情况增加了21,702 m3/day(即增加了约32%)。结果表明, 通过人工补给使所有抽水量下渗到抽水含水层, 同时保持基坑处于干燥可工作状态是可行的; 人工补给具有缓解地下水过度开采和有助于实现水资源可持续利用目标的优势。为确保抽水补给系统的成功运行, 提出了一种基于稳态和裘布依假设的抽水和补给组合情景下排水率(或数量)的预测分析方法。现场测试的数据证明了该方法的有效性。
Resumo
O rebaixamento freático em projetos de escavação profunda induz quedas do nível do lençol freático e perda de recursos hídricos subterrâneos. A série de testes de recarga de bombeamento de múltiplos poços foi realizada em um aquífero freático em Pequim (China) para estudar a viabilidade e eficácia da recarga artificial aplicada a projetos de rebaixamento freático e para entender a influência da recarga artificial no rebaixamento freático em escavação profunda, especialmente. Durante os testes, a quantidade de abstração e recarga foram quase iguais. A abstração foi positivamente correlacionada com a injeção. Sob as condições de diferença significativa do nível do lençol freático e excelente condutividade hidráulica nos estratos de cascalho, a água injetada escoou principalmente para os locais de escavação e rapidamente induzindo um aumento na quantidade de captação. Por exemplo, para manter o nível do lençol freático nos poços de escavação 15 m acima do nível médio do mar, a taxa de captação de água dos poços aumentou em 21,702 m3/dia (ou seja, taxa aumentada de cerca de 32%) em comparação com o caso correspondente sem recarga. Os resultados mostram que é viável realizar uma recarga artificial para infiltrar toda a água bombeada no aquífero bombeado e, simultaneamente, manter os poços de escavação em condições de trabalho a seco; a recarga artificial tem a vantagem de mitigar a superexploração das águas subterrâneas e ajudar no uso sustentável dos recursos hídricos. Para garantir a operação bem-sucedida do sistema de bombeamento-recarga, um método analítico foi proposto para prever a taxa de descarga (ou quantidade) sob a combinação de bombeamento e recarga com base no estado estacionário e suposições de Dupuit. A utilidade deste método foi demonstrada com dados de testes de campo.
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The research was financially supported by the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction of the People’s Republic of China (Grant No. 3-4-2018-008)
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Guo, F., Wang, GH. & Li, ZC. Influence of artificial recharge in a phreatic aquifer on deep excavation dewatering: a case study of Dongguantou Nan Station in Beijing, China. Hydrogeol J 30, 673–689 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-021-02441-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-021-02441-w