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Rate of seawater intrusion estimated by geophysical methods in an arid area: Al Khabourah, Oman

Taux d’intrusion d’eau marine estimé par méthodes géophysiques dans une région aride : Al Khabourah, Oman

Ritmo de la intrusión de agua salada estimado por métodos geofísicos en un área árida: Al Khabourah, Oman

用地球物理方法估算阿曼Al Khabourah某干旱区海水入侵速率

Taxa de intrusão salina estimada por métodos geofísicos numa área árida: Al Khabourah, Oman

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Abstract

Seawater intrusion and its spreading rate are the challenging problems in over-pumped coastal aquifers of arid zones like the Batinah region of Oman. The study delineates the saline plume, identifies saline/freshwater zones, and estimates the migration rate of the plume in the Al Khabourah area of the Batinah coast. Time domain electromagnetic surveys, aided by vertical electrical sounding surveys, and seismic refraction methods have defined the locus of the saline/freshwater interface in the area. The current (2007) interface position, when compared with that determined during 2002, indicates a prominent recession in the saline plume and suggests an average annual recession rate of 120 m. This recession may be attributed mainly to the recharging dam of Wadi Al Hawasinah, constructed in 1995, and the enforcement of new water resources legislation. This study reveals the shielding role of the recharging dam to counter advancing saline intrusion.

Résumé

Une intrusion marine et son taux d’expansion sont les défis à relever par les aquifères côtiers surexploités des zones arides telle le Batinah, région d’Oman. L’étude délimite le panache salé, localise les zones eau douce/eau salée et évalue le taux de migration du panache dans la région d’Al Khaboura, côte du Batinah. Des profils électomagnétiques domaine temps calés sur des sondages électriques verticaux et des profils sismique réfraction ont localisé l’interface régional eau salée/eau douce. La position actuelle de l’interface (2007), comparée à celle de 2002, marque une régression nette du panache salé, suggérant un taux annuel de retrait de 120 m. Cette régression peut être attribuée principalement à la mise en charge du barrage de Wadi Al Hawasinah, construit en 1995, et à la mise en vigueur de la nouvelle législation sur les ressources en eau. Cette étude révèle le rôle écran du barrage mis en charge pour contrecarrer l’avancée d’une intrusion saline.

Resumen

La intrusión de agua de mar y sus ritmos de propagación son problemas desafiantes en acuíferos costeros sobre bombeados de las zonas áridas como la región de Batinah en Oman. El estudio delinea la pluma salina, identifica la zona de agua dulce/agua salada, y estima el ritmo de migración de la pluma en el área Al Khabourah de la costa de Batinah. Los relevamientos electromagnéticos en el dominio de tiempo, ayudados por relevamientos de sondeos eléctricos verticales, y métodos de refracción sísmica han definido la posición de la interfase agua dulce/agua salada en el área. La actual posición de la interfase (2007), cuando se la compara con la determinada durante 2002, indica una recesión notable en la pluma salina y sugiere un ritmo de recesión media anual de 120 m. Esta recesión puede ser atribuida principalmente al dique de recarga de Wadi Al Hawasinah, construido en 1995, y a la promulgación de la nueva legislación sobre recursos hídricos. Este estudio revela el rol de protección del dique de recarga para contrarrestar al avance de la intrusión salina.

摘要

海水入侵及其扩展速率是阿曼Batinah干旱区滨海含水层超采条件下极具挑战性的问题。这篇报告描述了咸水晕, 确定咸水和淡水区, 并估算这个咸水晕在Al Khabourah地区Batinah海岸带的迁移速率。时域电磁感应调查和垂向电测深调查以及地震折射方法确定出了该地区淡水/咸水界面的位置。与2002年确定的分界面相比, 目前 (2007年) 该分界面的位置发生了咸水晕的显著后退, 并给出了年平均120m的后退速率。这个消退可能主要是由于建于1995年的Wadi Al Hawasinah 大坝的补给作用以及新的水资源管理法的实施。本研究揭示了补给性大坝对促进咸水入侵的屏蔽作用

Resumo

A intrusão salina e a sua taxa de dispersão são problemas que desafiam o conhecimento em aquíferos costeiros sobreexplorados em zonas áridas, como a região de Batinah, em Oman. O estudo delineia a pluma salina, identifica zonas de interface água salgada/água doce, e estima a taxa de migração da pluma na área de Al Khabourah, na costa de Batinah. Levantamentos electromagnéticos no domínio do tempo, auxiliados por sondagens eléctricas verticais, e por métodos de refracção sísmica, definiram a localização da interface água salina/água doce na área. A posição actual da interface (2007), quando comparada com a determinada durante 2002, indica uma recessão proeminente na pluma salina e sugere uma taxa de recessão média anual de 120 m. Esta recessão pode ser atribuída principalmente à recarga da barragem de Wadi Al Hawasinah, construída em 1995, e à aplicação de nova legislação sobre recursos hídricos. Este estudo revela o papel protector da recarga proveniente da barragem para contrariar o avanço da intrusão salina.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Sultan Qaboos University for providing financial support under grant #IGSC/ETHS/07/01. Thanks are also due to Prof. Sundarajan for comments on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Osman A. E. Abdalla.

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Abdalla, O.A.E., Ali, M., Al-Higgi, K. et al. Rate of seawater intrusion estimated by geophysical methods in an arid area: Al Khabourah, Oman. Hydrogeol J 18, 1437–1445 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-010-0606-0

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