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Proximale Femurfraktur

Proximal femoral fractures

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Trauma und Berufskrankheit

Zusammenfassung

Die proximale Femurfraktur gehört zu den häufigsten Frakturen v. a. der älteren Bevölkerungsgruppen. Aufgrund steigender Lebenserwartung sowie damit verbundener Morbidität steigt auch die Inzidenz dieser Frakturen. Damit eine zügige Remobilisierung und damit verbunden eine gesenkte Mortalität erreicht werden kann, sind eine klare Diagnosestellung mit Erkennung evtl. Fallstricke, eine zeitnahe und stabile operative Therapie sowie ein interdisziplinäres perioperatives Management erforderlich. Dem Operateur steht eine Vielzahl an möglichen Implantaten zur Auswahl. Diese sollten im Detail gekannt und passend zur Frakturform gewählt werden. Da aber trotz optimaler Implantate und Operationstechniken die Mortalitätsrate im kurzfristigen Verlauf äußerst hoch ist, muss auch ein spezielles Augenmerk auf eine sorgsame Überleitung in die poststationäre Behandlung gerichtet werden und v. a. eine evtl. zugrunde liegende Ursache weiter abgeklärt werden.

Abstract

Proximal femoral fractures are one of the most common fractures, especially in the older population group. Due to increasing life expectancy and the associated morbidity, the incidence of these fractures is also increasing. In order to realize a rapid remobilization and an associated reduced mortality, it is important to achieve a clear diagnosis, recognize possible pitfalls and perform prompt and reliable surgery in an interdisciplinary, perioperative setting. A great variety of possible implants are available for the surgeon. The surgeon should know them in detail and choose the correct one to match the individual type of fracture; however, despite optimal implants and surgical techniques, mortality is very high in the short-term course. Special attention must therefore be paid to a careful transition to post-hospital care and in particular the possible underlying cause of the fracture must be clarified.

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Correspondence to T. Klopfer, P. Hemmann, A. J. Schreiner or C. Bahrs.

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T. Klopfer, P. Hemmann, A.J. Schreiner und C. Bahrs geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien. Alle Patienten, die über Bildmaterial oder anderweitige Angaben innerhalb des Manuskripts zu identifizieren sind, haben hierzu ihre schriftliche Einwilligung gegeben.

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Klopfer, T., Hemmann, P., Schreiner, A.J. et al. Proximale Femurfraktur. Trauma Berufskrankh 21, 86–94 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10039-019-0428-9

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