Abstract
The study focuses on the average energy of a monolayer of granular particles confined in a rectangular container. The container is shaken sinusoidally in a horizontal plane. The motion of every particle is recorded by a CCD camera so that the kinetic energy of the system can be analyzed by tracking the trajectory of each particle. It is found that the average energy changes abruptly at a certain critical filling fraction while the configuration of the particles makes a transition from a disordered to a solid-like state. We determine the critical value of the filling fraction and the energy of the solid-like state using a resonant condition.
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Chung, F.F., Liaw, SS. & Ho, M.C. Energy and phase transition in a horizontally vibrating granular system. Granular Matter 12, 369–374 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-010-0184-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-010-0184-9