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Assessing Double Counting of Carbon Emissions Between Forest Land-Cover Change and Forest Wildfires: A Case Study in the United States, 1992–2006

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Abstract

The relative contributions of double counting of carbon emissions between forest-to-nonforest cover change (FNCC) and forest wildfires are an unknown in estimating net forest carbon exchanges at large scales. This study employed land-cover change maps and forest fire data in the four representative states (Arkansas, California, Minnesota, and Washington) of the US for the period from 1992 to 2006 to evaluate forest carbon double counting effects based on land-cover change map, forest fire data, and USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data. The analyses were conducted at the county level and tallied to state level. Although the effects were small in the two eastern states because of small burned areas and low burn severity, substantial effects were found in the two western states. Carbon double counting was about 10 TgC (teragram 1012) in California and 6 TgC in Washington for the period 1992–2006 (at rates of 0.7 and 0.4 TgC per year), or 21.9 and 7.6% relative to total forest carbon emissions through FNCC in the two states, respectively. The effects were 0.2 and 0.1% in Arkansas and Minnesota, respectively. Variation in double counting effects within the states was also much higher in the western states compared with the eastern states. Our results suggested a general pattern that rates and amounts of double counting in forest carbon emissions between FNCC and fires were more evident and substantially different on a west–east dimension than that on a north–south dimension across the conterminous US during the study period.

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Acknowledgments

Funding support for this study was primarily from the USDA Forest Service, through grant 05-DG-11242343-074 and partly from the Research Joint Venture Agreement between the UNH and USFS Northern Research Station Work Unit NRS-5 (09JV11242305052). The authors thank Christopher Woodall for his valuable comments on the earlier version of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Resources & the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA

    Daolan Zheng & Mark J. Ducey

  2. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA

    Linda S. Heath

  3. USDA Forest Service, Remote Sensing Application Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84119, USA

    Brad Quayle

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  1. Daolan Zheng
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  2. Linda S. Heath
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  3. Mark J. Ducey
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  4. Brad Quayle
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Correspondence to Daolan Zheng.

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Author Contributions

D. Z. contributed to the overall study design, data analyses, and wrote the manuscript. L. H. contributed to overall study design, constructive discussions and writing. M. D. contributed to the study methods and writing. B. Q. conducted fire data development, analyses, and writing.

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Zheng, D., Heath, L.S., Ducey, M.J. et al. Assessing Double Counting of Carbon Emissions Between Forest Land-Cover Change and Forest Wildfires: A Case Study in the United States, 1992–2006. Ecosystems 16, 310–322 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-012-9616-1

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