Erythrocyte Mean Corpuscular Volume Associated with Severity of Peripheral Arterial Disease: An Angiographic Evaluation

Abstract

Elevated erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV) may be a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether MCV was associated with the severity of atherosclerotic findings in the lower limbs of PAD patients, as measured by an angiographic scoring system based on vessel lumen reduction. One hundred male patients with symptomatic PAD were studied. MCV was significantly correlated with the angiographic score (rs = 0.247, p = 0.013). PAD patients with an angiographic score in the lower third were compared to those with values in the upper third using a logistic regression model with age, smoking, hypertension, MCV, homocysteine, and total cholesterol and triglycerides as independent variables. This model revealed significant odds ratios (OR) for MCV (OR = 2.02 for an increment of 5 fl, 95% CI = 1.08-3.8) and for age (OR = 2.41 for an increment of 10 years, 95% CI = 1.21-4.81) and facilitated classification of 71% of all subjects correctly. In conclusion, MCV may be associated with angiographically determined disease severity in patients with PAD. This finding supports the hypothesis that MCV is a risk factor for PAD, although the mechanism by which MCV may contribute to the presence and severity of the disease is not yet determined.