Abstract
Recently, robots are expected to support our daily lives in real environments. In such environments, however, there are a lot of obstacles and the motion of the robot is affected by them. In this research, we develop a musculoskeletal robotic arm and a system identification method for coping with external forces while learning the dynamics of complicated situations, based on Gaussian process regression (GPR). The musculoskeletal robot has the ability to cope with external forces by utilizing a bio-inspired mechanism. GPR is an easy-to-implement method, but can handle complicated prediction tasks. The experimental results show that the behavior of the robot while interacting with its surroundings can be predicted by our method.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Shiomi M, Kanda T, Koizumi S, Ishiguro H, Hagita N (2008) Group attention control for communication robots. Int J Humanoid Robot 5(4):587–608
Rasmussen CE, Williams CKI (2006) Gaussian processes for machine learning. The MIT Press, Massachusetts
Foster L, Waagen A, Aijaz N, Hurley M, Luis A, Rinsky J, Satyavolu C, Way MJ, Gazis P, Srivastava AN (2009) Stable and efficient gaussian process calculations. J Mach Learn Res 10:857–882
Hosoda K, Sakaguchi Y, Takayama H, Takuma T (2010) Pneumatic-driven jumping robot with anthropomorphic muscular skeleton structure. Auton Robots 28(3):307–316
Fukuoka Y, Kimura H, Cohen AH (2003) Adaptive dynamic walking of a quadruped robot on irregular terrain based on biological concepts. Int J Robot Res 22(3–4):187–202
Ghahramani Z, Hinton GE (1998) Variational learning for switching state-space models. Neural Comput 12:963–996
Watkins CJCH, Dayan P (1992) Technical note: Qlearning. Mach Learn 8:279–292. doi:10.1007/BF00992698
Theodorou E, Buchli J, Schaal S (2010) Reinforcement learning of motor skills in high dimensions: a path integral approach. In: 2010 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), pp 2397–2403
Peters J, Schaal S (2008) Reinforcement learning of motor skills with policy gradients. Neural Netw 21(4):682–697
Bishop CM (2006) Pattern recognition and machine learning, 1st edn, 2nd printing edition. Springer, Berlin, October 2006.
Lawrence N, Seeger M, Herbrich R (2003) Fast sparse gaussian process methods: the informative vector machine. In: Thrun S, Becker S, Obermayer K (eds) Advances in neural information processing systems, vol 15. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 609–616
Smola AJ, Bartlett P (2001) Sparse greedy gaussian process regression. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, vol 13. MIT Press, Massachusetts, pp 619–625
Indyk P, Motwani R (1998) Approximate nearest neighbors: towards removing the curse of dimensionality. In: Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, STOC98. ACM, New York, pp 604–613
Datar M, Immorlica N, Indyk P, Mirrokni VS (2004) Locality-sensitive hashing scheme based on p-stable distributions. In: Proceedings of the twentieth annual symposium on computational geometry, SCG04. ACM, New York, pp 253–262
Lieber RL (2002) Skeletal muscle structure, function, and plasticity: the physiological basis of rehabilitation, 2nd edn. Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Hogan N (1984) Adaptive control of mechanical impedance by coactivation of antagonist muscles. IEEE Trans Autom Control 29(8):681–690
Wisse M, van der Linde RQ (2007) Delft pneumatic bipeds. In: Springer tracts in advanced robotics, vol 34. Springer, Berlin
Vanderborght B (2010) Dynamic stabilisation of the biped lucy powered by actuators with controllable stiffness. In: Springer tracts in advanced robotics, vol 63. Springer, Berlin
Sugahara A, Nakamura Y, Fukuyori I, Matsumoto Y, Ishiguro H (2010) Generating circular motion of a human-like robotic arm using attractor selection model. J Robot Mechatron 22(3):315321
Niiyama R, Kuniyoshi Y (2010) Design principle based on maximum output force profile for a musculoskeletal robot. Ind Robot Int J 37(3):250–255
Nakata Y, Ishiguro H, Hirata K (2011) Dynamic analysis method for electromagnetic artificial muscle actuator under pid control. IEEJ Trans Ind Appl 131(2):166–170
Nakata Y, Ide A, Nakamura Y, Hirata K, Ishiguro H (2012) Hopping of a monopedal robot with a biarticular muscle driven by electromagnetic linear actuators. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, vol 2012, pp 3153–3160
Okadome Y, Nakamura Y, Shikauchi Y, Ishii S, Ishiguro H (2013) Fast approximation method for Gaussian process regression using hash function for non-uniformly distributed data. In: International conference on artificial neural networks (ICANN), September 2013, pp 17–25
Waterhouse SR (1997) Classification and regression using mixtures of experts
Thrun S (1992) The role of exploration in learning control. In: White DA, Sofge DA (eds) Handbook for intelligent control: neural. van nostrand reinhold, fuzzy and adaptive approaches
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) No.80720664.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was presented in part at the 19th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Beppu, Oita, January 22–24, 2014.
About this article
Cite this article
Urai, K., Okadome, Y., Nakata, Y. et al. Estimation of physical interaction between a musculoskeletal robot and its surroundings. Artif Life Robotics 19, 193–200 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-014-0148-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-014-0148-y