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Recent advances in liquid biopsy of central nervous system lymphomas: case presentations and review of the literature

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Abstract

Surgical biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas. However, reliable liquid biopsy methods for diagnosing CNS lymphomas have quickly developed and have been implicated in clinical decision-making. In the current report, we introduce two patients for whom liquid biopsy was essential for diagnosing CNS lymphomas and discuss the rapidly growing applications of this technology.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Data availability

Data are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Abbreviations

CNS:

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

cfDNA:

Cell free DNA

ctDNA:

Circulating tumor DNA

DLBCL:

Diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma

ddPCR:

Droplet digital PCR

EDTA:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

IVLBCL:

Intravascular large-B-cell lymphoma

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

PCNSL:

Primary central nervous system lymphoma

R-CHOP:

Rituximab–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine (oncovin), prednisolone

SCNSL:

Secondary central nervous system lymphoma

sIL-2R:

Soluble IL-2 receptor sIL-2R

VAF:

Variant allele frequency

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Takeyoshi Eda, Akiko Yoshii, Tamami Murakami, and Shingo Nigorikawa for their technical support.

Funding

This study was partially funded by a Japanese Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant to MN (21KK0156). This research was also supported in part by the New Sustainable Growth (NSG) group.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Manabu Natsumeda, Satoshi Shibuma, Haruhiko Takahashi, Jotaro On, Kaoru Tomikawa, Hidemoto Fujiwara, Jun Watanabe, Yoshihiro Tsukamoto, Masayasu Okada & Makoto Oishi

  2. Advanced Treatment of Neurological Diseases Branch, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Manabu Natsumeda

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospital, Joetsu, Japan

    Yoshihiro Mouri

  4. Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Rui Takeda & Jun Takizawa

  5. Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

    Hiroshi Shimizu & Akiyoshi Kakita

Authors
  1. Manabu Natsumeda
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  2. Satoshi Shibuma
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  3. Haruhiko Takahashi
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  4. Jotaro On
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  5. Yoshihiro Mouri
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  15. Makoto Oishi
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Contributions

MN designed the project and wrote the manuscript. SS, HT, JO, JW, and MOk analyzed data. MN, YM, HF, YT, and RT treated the patients and provided samples. HS and AK provided pathologic diagnosis. JT and MOi supervised the study. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manabu Natsumeda.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

This study was conducted per the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study approval was obtained from the institutional review boards of Niigata University (#G2018-008). Written consent was obtained from all patients.

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Natsumeda, M., Shibuma, S., Takahashi, H. et al. Recent advances in liquid biopsy of central nervous system lymphomas: case presentations and review of the literature. Brain Tumor Pathol 41, 85–91 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10014-024-00483-y

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