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The influence of cerium or titanium addition on the corrosion resistance and discharge performance of Al − mg anode for aluminum − air batteries

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Abstract

In this work, five alloys, Al − Mg, Al − Ce, Al − Ti, Al − Mg − Ce and Al − Mg − Ti, were prepared, and the electrochemical properties and discharge behavior of pure Al and these alloys were investigated in 4 M KOH solution. Corrosion experiments and electrochemical tests were performed, including open circuit potential test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test and polarization curve test. The performance of Al − air batteries based on these anodes was investigated by constant current discharge and V − j discharge tests. The surface state of the Al anodes after discharge was analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that the addition of magnesium, cerium, and titanium to Al enhances its corrosion resistance, discharge voltage, peak power density, and specific capacity. Among the binary alloys, Al − Mg demonstrates superior corrosion resistance and higher no − load activity, while Al − Ce and Al − Ti exhibit higher discharge voltages and peak power densities. Additionally, the ternary alloys Al − Mg − Ce and Al − Mg − Ti, prepared using Al − Mg as the matrix, significantly reduce the corrosion rate and improve discharge performance. Al − Mg − Ce shows a maximum voltage of 1.21 V at 50 mA·cm− 2, while Al − Mg − Ti displays a maximum voltage of 0.899 V at 100 mA·cm− 2, with a peak power density of 97.0 mW·cm− 2, surpassing that of Al − Mg − Ce (83.4 mW·cm− 2) and pure Al (72.8 mW·cm− 2). However, Al − Mg − Ti exhibits lower anode utilization compared to all binary alloys, while Al − Mg − Ce demonstrates higher anode utilization than Al − Mg, albeit slightly lower than that of Al − Ce and Al − Ti. The study highlights the potential of Al − Mg − Ce and Al − Mg − Ti alloys as effective strategies to enhance the performance of Al − air batteries. These findings contribute to the advancement of high − performance Al anodes and the optimization of Al − air battery design.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Lei Liu, Xi Wang, Jiuqing Hu, Changliang Wang & Zunlong Jin

  2. Henan Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection Technology Research Institute, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Zhao Li

  3. Zhengzhou Foguang Power Generation Equipment Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Min Kong & Chaoyang Wang

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  1. Lei Liu
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Liu, L., Li, Z., Wang, X. et al. The influence of cerium or titanium addition on the corrosion resistance and discharge performance of Al − mg anode for aluminum − air batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 28, 2689–2701 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-024-05834-5

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