Skip to main content
Log in

Manganese electrochemistry—a pillar of development of electrochemistry in Georgia

  • Review Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The paper tells the short story of development of electrochemistry in Georgia. It demonstrates the flow of events bringing the electrochemistry of the country to the current status. The beginning of this journey starts in the first half of the last century when young, talented, and very enthusiastic scientist Rafiel Agladze developed original method of production of pure electrolytic manganese and set up the production line in Zestafoni Ferroalloy Plant. Since then, thanks to tremendous efforts of researchers of two generations, uninterrupted process of growth and diversification of electrochemistry in Georgia happens. Nowadays, apart from research in the field of electrosynthesis of various manganese products such as electrolytic manganese metal (EMM) and electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), Georgian scientists study electrochemical systems such as electrochemical sources of energy, photosensitive electrochemical processes, electrochemistry of melts, and theoretical aspects of various electrochemical reactions in several different institutions of the country including the Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University and Georgian Technical University.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chagunava R, Gvinepadze D (1982) Unpublished work about galvanic golding by P. Bagrationi. Abstracts Republic Conference II Tbilisi

  2. Iakobi B (1957) Works in electrochemistry M

  3. Kobalava R, Tsintsadze G, Kutsia N (2002) About galvanic element of Bagrationi and its exploitation. Georgian Engineering News N2:163–165

    Google Scholar 

  4. Georgian chemical industry, past, present and future. (2011) Georgian Technical University Tbilisi

  5. Agladze R Electrochemistry of manganese III:7–39

  6. Agladze R (1939) Gornii Journal. 12 (40)

  7. Mendeleev B (1940) Chem Society 5:41

    Google Scholar 

  8. Journal of Applied Chemistry (1943) XVI 9

  9. Frumkin A (1977) Electrochemistry

  10. Marsal PA, Kordesch KV, and Urry LF, (1960) US Patent No. 2 960 558

  11. Kordesch K, Weissenbacher M (1994) Rechargeable alkaline manganese dioxide/zinc batteries. J Power Sources 51:61–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jantscher W, Binder L, Fiedler DA, Andreaus R, Kordesch K (1999) Synthesis, characterization and application of doped electrolytic manganese dioxides. J Power Sources 79:9–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Biswal A, Tripathy BC, Sanjay K, Subbaiah T, Minakshi M (2015) Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD): a perspective on worldwide production, reserves and its role in electrochemistry. RSC Adv 5:58255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wickramaarachchi K, Minakshi M (2022) Status on electrodeposited manganese dioxide and biowaste carbon for hybrid capacitors: the case of high-quality oxide composites, mechanisms, and prospects. Journal of Energy Storage, 56 C:106099

  15. Wickramaarachchi K, Minakshi M (2022) Ceram Int 48(14):19913–19924

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Minakshi M, Wickramaarachchi K (2023) Electrochemical aspects of supercapacitors in perspective: from electrochemical configurations to electrode materials processing. Prog Solid State Chem 69:100390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Japaridze L (1987) Electrolytic manganese dioxide, Metsniereba. Tbilisi p 20, 38

  18. Agladze R, Zautashvili L, Vanidze K (1975) Titan-manganese alloy as anodic material for production of manganese dioxide from sulfate solutions. Manganese Electrochemistry 6:152

    Google Scholar 

  19. Agladze R, Zautashvili L, Vanidze K (1980) About possibility of application of titanium-manganese alloy as anodic material during electrodeposition of manganese dioxide. Electrochemistry 16(12):1779

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Agladze T, Gabrichidze M, Mdivani M (1999) Electrode properties of manganese modified titanium. Galvanotecnica e nuove finiture, anno IX-L Luglio-Agosto 230

  21. Agladze T Anode for production of manganese dioxide. Certificate of Authorship # 1417506

  22. Kebadze Z, Kakuria L, Chakhunashvili T (2000) Anode for production of electrolytic manganese dioxide. National Intellectual Property Center of Georgia Sakpatenti (45): 04 10 # 7

  23. Chakhunashvili T, Kalinovski E, Dinkevich F, Pruidze V, Kebadze Z, Japaridze L, Kakuria L Method for manufacture of titan dioxide manganese anode for electrolytic dioxide manganese production, National Intellectual Property Center of Georgia, Sakpatenti (45): 02 09 95 # 2

  24. Lezhava T, Chichinadze E, Gventsadze D, Aneli J, Gventsadze L (2005) Method for production of anode. Sakpatenti, 05 10GE C25 B 11/00, C 01 G 45/00, 45/02

  25. Tsurtsumia G, Koiava N, Gogishvili N, Zaridze I, Kakhniashvili I, Gorelishvili G, Kveselava V, Nikoleishvili P (2015) Simultaneous production of electrolytic metallic manganese and electrolytic manganese dioxide in an AMI 7001S anion exchange membrane electrochemical reactor. J Electrochem Soc 162(8):E96–E103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tsurtsumia G, Shengeli J, Koiava N, Lezhava T, Gogoli D, Beriashvili L, Suladze S, Kakhniashvili I (2019) Novel hydro-electrometallurgical technology for simultaneous production of manganese metal, electrolytic manganese dioxide, and manganese sulfate monohydrate. Hydrometallurgy 186:260–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lezhava T, Tsurtsumia G, Shengelia J, Koiava N, Gogoli D, Beriashvili L, Gorelishvili G (2022) Electro-reductive leaching of low-grade manganese oxide raw materials using an Fe3+/Fe2+ redox mediator. European Chemical Bulletin 11(10):50–61

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Agladze G (1994) Electrosynthesis of oxidants and electrochemical purification of waste waters. Mecniereba, Tbilisi

  29. Agladze G, Koiava N (1986) Electrosynthesis of chloride and bromide containing oxidants in three dimensional bipolar electrode cell. ISB, 37th meeting, August, Vilnius, IV:267–269

  30. Agladze G, Koiava N, Nioradze N, Pashalishvili N (2001) The influence of mass transport on the chloride –ion oxidation in the three dimensional electrodes. Bull. of Georgian Academy of Science, 163, #1:89–92

  31. Agladze G, Gordadze G, Koiava N, Nioradze N (1999) Experimental study of current and potential distribution on bipolar electrode. Bull of Georgian Academy of Sciences 159(2):290–291

    Google Scholar 

  32. Nioradze N, Kim J, Amemiya S (2011) Quasi-steady-state voltammetry of rapid electron transfer reactions at the macroscopic substrate of the scanning electrochemical microscope. Anal Chem 83:828–835

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Nioradze N, Chen R, Kim J, Shen M, Santhosh P, Amemiya S (2013) Origins of nanoscale damage to glass-sealed platinum electrodes with submicrometer and nanometer size. Anal Chem 85:6198–6202

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Chen R, Nioradze N, Santhosh P, Li Z, Surwade S, Shenoy GJ, Parobek DG, Kim MA, Liu H, Amemiya S (2015) Ultrafast electron transfer kinetics of graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Bhat MA, Nioradze N, Kim J, Amemiya S, Bard AJ (2017) In situ detection of the adsorbed Fe(II) intermediate and the mechanism of magnetite electrodeposition by scanning electrochemical microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 139:15891–15899

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Agladze G, Tsurtsumia G, Jung BI, Kim JS, Gorelishvili G (2007) Comparative study of hydrogen peroxide electro-generation on gas-diffusion electrodes in undivided and membrane cells. J Appl Electrochem 37:375–383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Agladze G, Tsurtsumia G, Jung BI, Kim JS, Gorelishvili G (2007) Comparative study of chemical and electrochemical Fenton treatment of organic pollutants in wastewater. J Applied Electrochemistry 37:985–990

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Agladze G, Nikoleishvili P, Tsurtsumia G, Kveselava V, Gorelishvili G, Latsuzbaia R (2010) DMFC with hydrogen peroxide cogeneration. J Electrochem Soc 157(9):E140–E147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Agladze G, Nikoleishvili P, Kveselava V, Tsurtsumia G, Gorelishvili G, Gogoli D, Kakhniashvili I (2012) A novel aluminium-air semi-fuel cell operating with hydrogen peroxide co-generation. J Power Sources 218:46–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Nikoleishvili P, Tsurtsumia G, Kveselava V, Gorelishvili G, Kurtanidze R, Koiava N, Kakhniashvili I, Sharabidze D (2015) Waste water treatment in direct borohydride fuel cell with bipolar membrane. Open J Ecol 5:22–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. High-efficiency reactors for obtaining of metal powders, FLOGEN Stars Outreach/Advanced Processing of Metals and Materials (Sohn International Symposium). Aqueous and Electrochemical Processing New, Improved and Existing Technologies, (2006) Conference proceedings V 6:387–396

  42. Agladze R, Shemgelia J, Delibashvili S (1988) Cathodic reduction of oxide manganese ores in sulfuric acid solutions containing ions of iron. Bulletin of Georgian Academy of Science 14:1

    Google Scholar 

  43. Agladze R, Shengelia J, Shaliakina N (1985) About reasons of negative influence of iron ions on the process of production of electrolytic manganese dioxide. Bulletin of Georgian Academy of Science 11:3

    Google Scholar 

  44. Kakhniashvili I, Shengelia J, Ekvtimishvili D (2009) Simultaneous electrochemical production of copper and manganese dioxide in one electrolyzer from nitrate solutions. Bulletin of Georgian Academy of Science 35(3):291–296

    Google Scholar 

  45. Agladze T, Donadze M, Gabrichidze M, Toidze P, Shengelia J, Boshkov N, Tsvetkova N (2013) Synthesis and size tuning of metal nanoparticles. Z Phys Chem 227(8):0362

    Google Scholar 

  46. Donadze M, Gabrichidze M, Calvache S, Agladze T (2016) Novel method for preparation of the hybrid metal (I)-metal (II) oxide nanoparticles. Transactions of the IMF 94(1):16–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Xia G, Yin Y, Willis W, Wang J, Suib S (1999) Efficient stable catalysts for low temperature carbon monoxide oxidation. J Catal 185:91–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author expresses gratitude to researchers, especially Dr. Tinatin Lezhava and Dr. Gigla Tsurtsumia from the TSU, R. Agladze Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry, for supplying materials. Valuable suggestions from Dr. Dimitri E. Khoshtariya during the preparation of the paper are sincerely acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nikoloz Nioradze.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nioradze, N. Manganese electrochemistry—a pillar of development of electrochemistry in Georgia. J Solid State Electrochem 27, 1627–1639 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-023-05505-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-023-05505-x

Keywords

Navigation