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Investigation of self-discharge properties and a new concept of open-circuit voltage drop rate in lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work the self-discharge characteristics are evaluated through resting OCV (open-circuit voltage)-SOC (state-of-charge) hysteresis and storage aging behavior for pouch NCM|graphite lithium-ion battery. A weak peak is found on the OCV-SOC curve of incremental capacity and differential voltage analysis. A low free-energy complex model involving the formation of an absorbed electron-lithium-ion solvation sheath on the graphite surface is proposal for this weak reaction. The electrons are shared between the graphite and electrolyte via lithium-ion. Results of batteries aging tests reveal a strong linear relation of OCV vs. square-root of time, where the dissociation of complex is considered as the mechanism. The dependency of the square-root of time demonstrates that a new concept of voltage drop rate (mV h−1/2) is more feasible by reducing the influence of OCV checking time from 120% to 26%.

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Abbreviations

CC:

Constant current

C-rate:

Current rate

CV:

Constant voltage

DVA:

Differential voltage analysis

EVs:

Electric vehicles

ICA:

Incremental capacity analysis

NCM:

Lithium–nickel–cobalt-manganese oxide

OCV:

Open-circuit voltage

SOC:

State of charge

k :

Rate of voltage decay (mV h−1)

OCV1 :

OCV of first detection (mV)

OCV2 :

OCV of second detection (mV)

s :

OCV drop rate (mV h−1/2)

t 1 :

Time of first OCV detection (h)

t 2 :

Time of second OCV detection (h)

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1802254, 51871201) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY18E040003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 118 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

    Haipeng Shan, Xing Xu, Teng Xiao, Guangya Hou, Huazhen Cao, Yiping Tang & Guoqu Zheng

  2. REPT Energy Co., Ltd, No. 205 Binghai Six Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Cao

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  1. Haipeng Shan
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Correspondence to Yiping Tang.

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Shan, H., Cao, H., Xu, X. et al. Investigation of self-discharge properties and a new concept of open-circuit voltage drop rate in lithium-ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 26, 163–170 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-021-05049-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-021-05049-y

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