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Solid-state graphene-based supercapacitor with high-density energy storage using ionic liquid gel electrolyte: electrochemical properties and performance in storing solar electricity

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Abstract

The electrochemical properties and high-density energy storage performance of graphene nano-platelet-based solid-state electrical double-layer supercapacitor device are reported. The graphene device is fabricated with electrolyte comprising of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4) room temperature ionic liquid and LiClO4 dopant entrapped within polymer matrix formulated as a gel. The mesoporous graphene electrode was formed via dispersion in amorphous polyvinylidene (PVdF2) host over flexible graphite sheets with minimal graphene layer (< 5-layer) stacking. Exploiting the abundance of charge ion species in the ionic liquid gel electrolyte and pervasive accesses to the graphene platelets via voids, high double-layer specific capacitance of 214 Fg−1 was realized based on cyclic voltammetry data. Impedance studies show a low (0.79 Ω cm2) charge transfer resistance and a short Warburg range indicating highly diffusive ionic transport capability in the ionic liquid gel electrolyte. The Bode analysis showed high figure of merit for pulse power with 1145 ms response time and high-density (27 kWkg−1) pulsed power capability of the graphene supercapacitor. The charge–discharge data show graphene supercapacitor by availing high (~ 2 V) stable potential window in ionic liquid electrolyte gel greatly boosted the energy density to 33.3 Whkg−1 at power density 3 kWkg−1 with minimal decrement to 24.7 Whkg−1 at high ~ 3 Ag−1 discharge current density. By integration with solar cells, direct storage of light-generated electricity and discharge behavior of ionic liquid electrolyte graphene supercapacitor is reported.

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Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Science Foundation, under Award Number 1318202, “Partnership for Innovation in Electrochemical Energy Storage” which is gratefully acknowledged. VL thanks the University Grant Commission (UGC) India for the Raman visiting fellowship. The authors also acknowledge the grant ADLG-181 from Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory (ADL), a part of Center of Excellence in Small Scale Integration and Packaging at Binghamton University

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Autonomous Solar Power, CASP, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA

    Amr M. Obeidat, Vandna Luthra & A. C. Rastogi

  2. Electrical Engineering Department, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13115, Jordan

    Amr M. Obeidat

  3. Department of Physics, Gargi College, New Delhi, 110049, India

    Vandna Luthra

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  1. Amr M. Obeidat
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Obeidat, A.M., Luthra, V. & Rastogi, A.C. Solid-state graphene-based supercapacitor with high-density energy storage using ionic liquid gel electrolyte: electrochemical properties and performance in storing solar electricity. J Solid State Electrochem 23, 1667–1683 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-019-04272-y

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