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Nitrogen-containing nanoporous carbons by a rational template carbonization method evinced in the cases of 1, 10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole

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Abstract

We demonstrate a rational template carbonization method to produce nitrogen-containing nanoporous carbons at 800 °C, using 1, 10-phenanthroline (or benzimidazole) as carbon/nitrogen source and magnesium citrate as template. The mass ratio of 1, 10-phenanthroline (or benzimidazole) and magnesium citrate has exerted the vital role in the determination of pore structures and the resulting electrochemical performances. It reveals that the carbon-P:Mg-1:1 (obtained by heating 1, 10-phenanthroline and magnesium citrate at 800 °C with the mass ratio of 1:1) and carbon-B:Mg-1:1 (obtained by heating benzimidazole and magnesium citrate at 800 °C with the mass ratio of 1:1) samples both are amorphous, nitrogen-containing, and highly nanoporous in nature. The carbon-P:Mg-1:1 sample has a large BET surface area of 1,657.4 m2 g−1 and high pore volume of 1.83 cm3 g−1, and those of carbon-B:Mg-1:1 sample are of 1,105.4 m2 g−1 and 1.67 cm3 g−1, respectively. Based on a three-electrode system using a 6-mol L−1 KOH aqueous solution as electrolyte, the carbon-P:Mg-1:1 and carbon-B:Mg-1:1 samples can deliver large specific capacitances of 289.0 and 255.6 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. They can also exhibit high energy densities of 40.1 and 35.5 Wh kg−1 when designated the power density as 0.25 kW kg−1 as well as highly long-term cycling durabilities.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21101052), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20100480045), and the University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province (KJ2013B209).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, 230039, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Zhong Jie Zhang

  2. School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemistry Reaction and Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People’s Republic of China

    Zhong Jie Zhang, Xiang Ying Chen & Peng Cui

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People’s Republic of China

    Ming Chao Qi

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  1. Zhong Jie Zhang
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  2. Ming Chao Qi
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Correspondence to Xiang Ying Chen.

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Zhang, Z.J., Qi, M.C., Chen, X.Y. et al. Nitrogen-containing nanoporous carbons by a rational template carbonization method evinced in the cases of 1, 10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole. J Solid State Electrochem 18, 1879–1887 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2423-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2423-1

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