Abstract
Herein, we present a new method based on separation by ion-pair chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection for evaluating various diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, furosemide, and amiloride, which are adulterants in herbal-based pharmaceutical formulations. The amperometric detection cycle (time = 2 s) was performed at a gold electrode by applying a detection potential (E1) of +800 mV for 0.4 s and an oxidation potential (E2) of +1,000 mV for 0.40 s, followed by a reduction potential (E3) of −200 mV for 1.20 s. The mobile phase for separating the diuretics was composed of 5 mmol L−1 phosphate buffer and 0.3 mmol L−1 sodium dodecyl sulfate in 50 % (v/v) methanol (pH 4.5). This method enabled the quantification of the drugs at low concentrations (i.e., 0.08 mg/capsule for hydrochlorothiazide, 0.01 mg/capsule for chlorthalidone, and 0.007 mg/capsule for furosemide). Twenty-six herbal formulations were analyzed, and eight samples (30.8 %) were found to contain diuretics that were added to the final composition (declared or not).
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The authors express their grateful thanks to CAPES, CNPq, and FAPERGS for the financial support of this work.
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de Carvalho, L.M., Viana, C., Moreira, A.P.L. et al. Pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) of diuretic drugs in herbal formulations using a gold electrode following ion-pair chromatographic separation. J Solid State Electrochem 17, 1601–1608 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2115-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2115-2