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Cellular porous polyvinylidene fluoride composite membranes for lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

Macroporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) membranes were prepared by a phase inversion method and evaluated as battery separators. Two totally different morphologies (cellular and finger-like) were obtained by coagulating PVdF solutions with two different solvents. The cellular membranes were formed immediately by precipitating the PVdF solution with a latent solvent (acetone) in water, while the finger-like membranes were precipitated from the PVdF solution with a true solvent (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone). The incorporation of a silica filler decreased the ionic resistance of the PVdF membranes of both morphologies. However, the cellular membranes showed better mechanical properties and enabled higher ionic conductivities than the finger-like ones, especially when the silica loading was low. Compared with a conventional untreated polyolefin separator, the porous PVdF membranes showed good wettability by a liquid electrolyte. After being activated with a commercial LiPF6–ethylene carbonate–dimethyl carbonate electrolyte, the PVdF membranes were tested for their applications in lithium-ion batteries. Coin cells with these PVdF membranes exhibited stable cycling performance and good rate capability at room temperature. However, the cellular membranes are preferred over the finger-like ones because they offer higher mechanical performance, and can be processed into flat membranes more easily.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Drs. Ion Halalay, Yan Wu, and Hamid Kia for helpful discussions and valuable suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Sciences and Materials Systems Laboratory, General Motors Global R&D, 30500 Mound Rd, Warren, MI, 48090, USA

    Xiaosong Huang

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  1. Xiaosong Huang
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Correspondence to Xiaosong Huang.

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Huang, X. Cellular porous polyvinylidene fluoride composite membranes for lithium-ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 17, 591–597 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-012-1891-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-012-1891-4

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