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Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: cross-sectional study in the gingival tissue

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Abstract

Background

The present study investigated the expression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the gingival tissue to verify if there is a correlation between the immunoexpression of these proteins and the changes caused by the inflamed infiltrate present in the gingival tissues.

Material and methods

A morphological analysis of epithelial changes (hyperplasia, exocytosis, spongiosis, and hydropic degeneration) was performed, as well as a semiquantitative analysis of the immunoexpression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the epithelium and connective tissue of 60 specimens of gingival tissue.

Results

Epithelial immunoexpression to COX-2 was observed in three cases, while EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 were strongly expressed in the basal layer of the epithelium and gradually decreased until the upper layers. In the connective tissue, COX-2 immunoexpression showed a statistically significant association (p < 0.001) with the gingival inflammatory infiltrate. In connective tissue, EMMPRIN and HIF-1α exhibited intense immunopositivity, while GLUT-1 was negative in most cases.

Conclusion

COX-2 expression may constitute a biological marker of gingival tissues since its epithelial immunoexpression may indicate a greater propensity for the establishment of periodontal disease.

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Data Availability

The data sets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Pathological Anatomy Service of the Discipline of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, for providing the material and laboratory resources necessary for the study. This study was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil), and the Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences (UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Déborah-Pitta-Paraíso Iglesias

  2. Department of Intensive Care Unit, Real Hospital Português (RHP), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Weslay-Rodrigues da-Silva

  3. Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil

    Weslay-Rodrigues da-Silva, Glória-Maria de-França, Caio-César-da-Silva Barros, Roseana-de-Almeida Freitas & Hébel-Cavalcanti Galvão

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  1. Déborah-Pitta-Paraíso Iglesias
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Contributions

Déborah Pitta-Paraíso Iglesias: Participation in conducting the research and preparation of the manuscript. Weslay Rodrigues da Silva: Participation in conducting the research and preparation of the manuscript. Glória Maria de França and Caio César da Silva Barros: Wrote the main manuscript text. Roseana de Almeida Freitas and Hébel-Cavalcanti Galvão: Prepared figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weslay-Rodrigues da-Silva.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All procedures performed in this retrospective study involving human participants were approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Protocol number 164/2012, C.A.A.E. 0279.0.051.051–11 (UFRN).

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All patients involved in this study signed the informed consent form.

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Iglesias, DPP., da-Silva, WR., de-França, GM. et al. Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: cross-sectional study in the gingival tissue. Oral Maxillofac Surg 28, 217–223 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-022-01131-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-022-01131-5

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