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Cytokine Expression Pattern and Protein-Protein interaction network analysis of Leucocyte Rich Platelet Rich Fibrin and Injectable Form of Platelet Rich Fibrin

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery volume 25, pages 223–229 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) such as leucocyte-rich PRF (L-PRF) and injectable form of PRF (i-PRF) are widely used in various surgical applications. L-PRF- and i-PRF-derived cytokine variations and functional pathways are still unexplored. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression pattern of Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-related cytokines by L-PRF and i-PRF under in vitro.

Methods

Cytokine levels were evaluated using multi-analyte ELISArray kit. Using elevated level of cytokines, the protein-protein interaction and pathway were predicted by computational method.

Results

The expressed cytokine levels were higher in L-PRF than in i-PRF. Specifically in L-PRF, IL8, IL2, IL6, and IL1A were expressed abundantly, whereas IL4, IL10, and IL6 were significantly high in i-PRF. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks (cytokine-cytokine interactions) and pathway analyses were predicted using higher-order cytokines. PPI networks and gene ontology enrichment analysis showed functional variations between L-PRF and i-PRF. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathway analysis found that L-PRF mediates NF-k B signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling (TLR), and MAPK signaling via T-cell receptor signaling pathway. i-PRF is significantly involved in JAK-STAT signaling pathway through upregulation of STAT1.

Conclusion

Our study concludes that L-PRF and i-PRF act via different pathways that confirm functional variations between them. Therefore, we speculate that L-PRF may be effective in acute phase of chronic wounds such as in diabetes mellitus and immunocompromised patients whereas i-PRF may have a better outcome in acute wounds.

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Author information

Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India

    Sharmila Jasmine & Annamalai Thangavelu

  2. Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11541, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy, Mohammed A. Alshuniaber & Ali A. Alshatwi

Authors
  1. Sharmila Jasmine
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  2. Annamalai Thangavelu
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  3. Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy
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  4. Mohammed A. Alshuniaber
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  5. Ali A. Alshatwi
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Correspondence to Sharmila Jasmine.

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The ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Ethical Committee (IHEC/0490/2019) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Jasmine, S., Thangavelu, A., Krishnamoorthy, R. et al. Cytokine Expression Pattern and Protein-Protein interaction network analysis of Leucocyte Rich Platelet Rich Fibrin and Injectable Form of Platelet Rich Fibrin. Oral Maxillofac Surg 25, 223–229 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-020-00899-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-020-00899-8

Keywords

  • Platelet-rich fibrin
  • Proinflammatory cytokine
  • Anti-inflammatory cytokine
  • Acute wound
  • Chronic wound