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Healing at implants installed from ~ 70- to < 10-Ncm insertion torques: an experimental study in dogs

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery volume 25, pages 55–64 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate histologically the early healing at implants installed with different insertion torques

Material and methods

Three months after the extraction of the mandibular premolars and of the first molars, two implants were installed monolaterally in the premolar and two in the molar regions of the edentulous alveolar ridge of twelve dogs. The recipient sites were prepared using drills of different diameter to obtain insertion torque of different values, i.e., 30 Ncm (control) or ~ 70 Ncm (test) in the premolar region, and < 10 Ncm (test) or ~ 50 Ncm (control) in the molar region. Six animals were euthanized after 4 weeks and six after 8 weeks of healing. Histological analyses were performed, and the Wilcoxon test was applied for statistical analyses.

Results

After 4 weeks of healing, in the premolar region, the new bone in contact with the implant surface was 65.0 ± 4.6% and 53.9 ± 13.5% at the ~ 30-Ncm and ~ 70-Ncm sites, respectively (p = 0.075). In the premolar region, new bone proportions were 51.4 ± 17.0% and 67.3 ± 7.0% at the < 10-Ncm and ~ 50-Ncm sites, respectively (p = 0.046). After 8 weeks of healing, in the premolar region, new bone reached fractions of 77.7 ± 16.2% at the ~ 30-Ncm sites, and 68.3 ± 12.1% at the ~ 70-Ncm sites (p = 0.028). In the molar region, new bone presented proportions of 70.2 ± 6.4% at the < 10-Ncm sites and 76.2 ± 9.4% at the ~ 50-Ncm sites (p = 0.173).

Conclusions

The insertion torque influenced the osseointegration of implants. Higher values of bone-to-implant contact percentages were registered for insertion torques of ~ 30 Ncm and ~ 50 Ncm. Implants inserted with torque < 10 Ncm became integrated with an optimal osseointegration.

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Funding

The experiment was economically supported by Sweden & Martina, Due Carrare, PD, Italy, and by ARDEC Academy, Rimini, Italy. The implants were provided free of charge by Sweden & Martina.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ARDEC Academy, Viale Giovanni Pascoli 67, Rimini, Italy

    Mitsuo Kotsu, Shigeo Fujiwara, Shingo Kato & Daniele Botticelli

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, Havana, Cuba

    Joaquin Urbizo Velez & Franco Bengazi

  3. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy

    Margherita Tumedei

Authors
  1. Mitsuo Kotsu
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  2. Joaquin Urbizo Velez
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  3. Franco Bengazi
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  4. Margherita Tumedei
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  5. Shigeo Fujiwara
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  6. Shingo Kato
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  7. Daniele Botticelli
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniele Botticelli.

Ethics declarations

The protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Havana, Cuba (No. 01/2016 and No. 01/2016; November 23, 2016). The ARRIVE checklist for animal studies was followed. The international rules for animal experiments were rigorously adopted.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Kotsu, M., Urbizo Velez, J., Bengazi, F. et al. Healing at implants installed from ~ 70- to < 10-Ncm insertion torques: an experimental study in dogs. Oral Maxillofac Surg 25, 55–64 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-020-00890-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-020-00890-3

Keywords

  • Animal experiments
  • Dental implant
  • Histology
  • Insertion torque
  • Osseointegration
  • Osteotomy