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Comparative investigations of structural, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of pure and 2 at. % Al-doped ZnO

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Abstract

Context

We comparatively investigate the properties of pure ZnO and 2 at. % Al doping concentration of ZnO, AZO, as potential candidates for specific applications.

Methods

Calculations were carried out, using Wien2k package, to deduce structural, electronic, optical thermoelectric, and properties of both ZnO and AZO materials via the combination of GGA and mBJ approximations.

Results

It is shown that Al doping of ZnO (AZO) improves its optical properties; the deduced direct fundamental gap is enhanced due to the Burstein–Moss effect. Moreover, the dielectric function, at lower energies, confirms the existence of an extra strong fluctuation in the dispersive real part ɛ1(ω) and a high peak for absorptive imaginary parts ɛ2(ω) which are due to a variation in specific molecular bonding and the transition between the occupied and the non-occupied states. The critical point, observed at 2.81 eV for pure ZnO, is shifted to 3.3 eV in 2 at. % AZO, confirming a larger optical band gap. The reflectivity values slightly decreased for 2% AZO. The investigation of thermoelectric parameters as a function of chemical potential at different temperatures ranging from 300 to 900°C showed that these structures can be considered for good thermoelectric devices with (i) high absolute values of Seebeck coefficient: ׀SZnO׀ = 1.16 mV/K and ׀SAZO׀ = 0.746 mV/K, (ii) no effect of temperature on electrical conductivity but a strong effect on thermal conductivity, (iii) a high value approaching unity for the figure of merit. Hence, these properties and their improvements, introduced by Al doping of ZnO, lead specific and more uses in optoelectronics, energy, and piezoelectric applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, L2PM, Département Sciences de la Matière, Faculté MISM, Université 08 Mai 1945, DZ-24000, Guelma, Algeria

    Nozha El Ahlem Doghmane, Sabah Chettibi & Malika Doghmane

  2. Laboratoire des Semi-conducteurs, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Badji-Mokhtar-Annaba, B.P 12, DZ-23000, Annaba, Algeria

    Djemâa Ben Othmane & Tahar Touam

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  1. Nozha El Ahlem Doghmane
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  2. Sabah Chettibi
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  3. Malika Doghmane
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  4. Djemâa Ben Othmane
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  5. Tahar Touam
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NEAD, MD, and DB were involved in investigations and TT and SC in supervising. All authors have contributed and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tahar Touam.

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Doghmane, N.E.A., Chettibi, S., Doghmane, M. et al. Comparative investigations of structural, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of pure and 2 at. % Al-doped ZnO. J Mol Model 29, 343 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-023-05750-x

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