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Vertical distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities along discrete layers of a deep-sea cold sediment sample at the East Pacific Rise (∼13°N)

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Abstract

The community structure and vertical distribution of prokaryotes in a deep-sea (ca. 3,191 m) cold sediment sample (ca. 43 cm long) collected at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) ∼13°N were studied with 16SrDNA-based molecular analyses. Total community DNA was extracted from each of four discrete layers EPRDS-1, -2, -3 and -4 (from top to bottom) and 16S rDNA were amplified by PCR. Cluster analysis of DGGE profiles revealed that the bacterial communities shifted sharply between EPRDS-1 and EPRDS-2 in similarity coefficient at merely 49%. Twenty-three sequences retrieved from DGGE bands fell into 11 groups based on BLAST and bootstrap analysis. The dominant groups in the bacterial communities were Chloroflexi, Gamma proteobacteria, Actinobacterium and unidentified bacteria, with their corresponding percentages varying along discrete layers. Pairwise Fst (F-statistics) values between the archaeal clone libraries indicated that the archaeal communities changed distinctly between EPRDS-2 and EPRDS-3. Sequences from the archaeal libraries were divided to eight groups. Crenarchaea Marine Group I (MGI) was prevalent in EPRDS-1 at 83%, while Uncultured Crenarchaea group II B (UCII B) abounded in EPRDS-4 at 61%. Our results revealed that the vertically stratified distribution of prokaryotic communities might be in response to the geochemical settings and suggested that the sampling area was influenced by hydrothermalism. The copresence of members related to hydrothermalism and cold deep-sea environments in the microbial community indicated that the area might be a transitional region from hydrothermal vents to cold deep-sea sediments.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Prof. T Xiao at Institute of Oceanology, CAS, for providing equipments for DGGE experiment. This work was supported by the Key Innovative Project of Chinese Academy of Science (KZCX3-SW-223, KSCX2-YW-G-022, 2007-1), and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams (Research and Applications of Marine Functional Genomics).

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  1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Youxun Li, Fuchao Li, Xiaowen Zhang, Song Qin, Zhigang Zeng, Hongyue Dang & Yunshan Qin

  2. Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Youxun Li & Xiaowen Zhang

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  1. Youxun Li
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  2. Fuchao Li
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  3. Xiaowen Zhang
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Correspondence to Song Qin.

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Communicated by L. Huang.

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Li, Y., Li, F., Zhang, X. et al. Vertical distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities along discrete layers of a deep-sea cold sediment sample at the East Pacific Rise (∼13°N). Extremophiles 12, 573–585 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-008-0159-5

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