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Phylogenetic analysis of type I polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes in Antarctic sediment

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Abstract

The modular polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) have been found to be involved in natural product synthesis in many microorganisms. Study on their diversities in natural environment may provide important ecological insights, in addition to opportunities for antibacterial drugs development. In this study, the PKS and NRPS gene diversities in two coast sediments near China Zhongshan Station were studied. The phylogenetic analysis of amino acid (AA) sequences indicated that the identified ketosynthase (KS) domains were clustered with those from diverse bacterial groups, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, and some uncultured symbiotic bacteria. One new branch belonging to hybrid PKS/NRPS enzyme complexes and five independent clades were found on the phylogenetic tree. The obtained adenylation (A) domains were mainly clustered within the Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria group. Most of the identified KS and A domains showed below 80 and 60% identities at the AA level to their closest matches in GenBank, respectively. The diversities of both KS and A domains in natural environmental sample were different from those in sewage-contaminated sample. These results revealed the great diversity and novelty of both PKS and NRPS genes in Antarctic sediment.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (2007AA091407) and National Natural Science Funds of China (No. 40406029).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Jing Zhao

  2. Key Lab of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Daxue road No. 178, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Ning Yang & Runying Zeng

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  1. Jing Zhao
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  2. Ning Yang
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  3. Runying Zeng
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Correspondence to Runying Zeng.

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Zhao, J., Yang, N. & Zeng, R. Phylogenetic analysis of type I polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes in Antarctic sediment. Extremophiles 12, 97–105 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-007-0107-9

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