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Testing links between unfavorable living conditions, fast life-history strategy adoption, and overeating: a four-wave longitudinal study

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Abstract

Although overeating increases risk for chronic illness and premature mortality, evolutionary life-history theorists posit that such behaviors arise as a potential outcome of using fast life-history strategies to function in environments that are harsh or unpredictable. To test this premise, we examined links between harsh, unpredictable living conditions (HULC), the adoption of fast life-history (LH) strategies, and overeating among early adolescents using a four-wave longitudinal design. Participants were 2547 Chinese adolescents (1202 girls, 1345 boys) who completed baseline questionnaires assessing experiences of HULC, preferences for use of fast LH strategies, and overeating. Measures were re-administered in follow-ups 7, 13, and 20 months later. Analyses indicated HULC predicted increased use of fast LH strategies within each gender. However, fast LH strategy adoption contributed to increases in overeating only among girls. Findings supported specific tenets of life-history theory and underscored gender as an important consideration in understanding links between living conditions, the adoption of fast LH strategies, and risk for overeating. Interventions focused on reducing poverty and increasing stable, nurturing family, and community environments may aid in reducing overeating and obesity for adolescents.

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Acknowledgements

The work described in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31771237 and No. 31871141), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. SWU1709106), and the Fundamental Research Funds of Southwest University (7110200687).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China

    Yi-Jun Luo & Hong Chen

  2. Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, BeiBei, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Yi-Jun Luo & Hong Chen

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China

    Todd Jackson & Lei Chang

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  1. Yi-Jun Luo
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Correspondence to Hong Chen.

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Luo, YJ., Jackson, T., Chang, L. et al. Testing links between unfavorable living conditions, fast life-history strategy adoption, and overeating: a four-wave longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 32, 1219–1228 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01910-7

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