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Neuropsychological profile of children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome: the CAPRIS study

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Abstract

Neuropsychological underperformance is well described in young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis, but the literature is scarce on the cognitive profile of at-risk children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to describe the neuropsychological profile of a child and adolescent sample of patients with psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) compared to healthy controls and to analyze associations between attenuated psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment. Cross-sectional baseline data analysis from a longitudinal, naturalistic, case–control, two-site study is presented. Eighty-one help-seeking subjects with PRS and 39 healthy controls (HC) aged between 10 and 17 years of age were recruited. PRS was defined by: positive or negative attenuated symptoms, Brief Limited Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms (BLIPS), genetic risk (first- or second-degree relative), or schizotypal personality disorder plus impairment in functioning. A neuropsychological battery was administered to assess general intelligence, verbal and visual memory, visuospatial abilities, speed processing, attention, and executive functions. The PRS group showed lower general neuropsychological performance scores at a multivariate level and lower scores than controls in general intelligence and executive functions. Lower scores on executive function and poorer attention were associated with high scores of positive attenuated psychotic symptoms. No association with attenuated negative symptoms was found. This study provides evidence of cognitive impairment in PRS children and adolescents and shows a relationship between greater cognitive impairment in executive functions and attention tasks and severe attenuated positive symptoms. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the nature of cognitive impairment as a possible vulnerability marker.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Grants from the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spanish Department of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria PI11/1340; PI11/02684; PI15/0444 and PI15/00509), CIBERSAM Network and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz and FEDER “Otra manera de hacer Europa”. We thank the two anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions helped to improve this manuscript. Finally, we would like to thank all the participants in this study.

Funding

Study supported by grants from the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spanish Department of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria PI11/1349; PI11/02684; PI15/0444 and PI15/00509), CIBERSAM Network and Fundación Alicia Koplowitz.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa, 39-57, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordina Tor, Montserrat Dolz, Anna Sintes-Estevez, Daniel Muñoz-Samons, Marta Pardo & Marta Rodríguez-Pascual

  2. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Passeig Sant Joan de Déu, 002, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordina Tor, Montserrat Dolz, Anna Sintes-Estevez, Daniel Muñoz-Samons, Marta Pardo & Marta Rodríguez-Pascual

  3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Montserrat Dolz, Elena de la Serna, Gisela Sugranyes & Inmaculada Baeza

  4. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic Universitari of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (2017SGR881), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Elena de la Serna, Olga Puig, Gisela Sugranyes & Inmaculada Baeza

  5. Institut Clinic of Neurosciences, CERCA-IDIBAPS (Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Gisela Sugranyes & Inmaculada Baeza

  6. Department of Psychiatry and Psychobiology, Health Sciences Division, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Inmaculada Baeza

  7. Early Intervention Service, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata of Reus, IISPV (Institut D’Investigació Sanitaria Pere Vigili), Universitat Rovira Virgili, Carretera de L’Institut Pere Mata S/N, 43206, Reus, Spain

    Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau

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  1. Jordina Tor
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  2. Montserrat Dolz
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  3. Anna Sintes-Estevez
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  11. Inmaculada Baeza
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Correspondence to Jordina Tor.

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Conflict of interest

Jordina Tor has no conflict of interest. Anna Sintes-Estevez has no conflict of interest. Montserrat Dolz has received honoraria and travel support from Otsuka-Lundbeck and Janssen, research support from Fundación Alicia Koplowitz, and grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Olga Puig has no conflict of interest. Elena de la Serna has no conflict of interest. Marta Pardo has no conflict of interest. Daniel Muñoz-Samons has no conflict of interest. Marta Rodríguez-Pascual has no conflict of interest. Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau has no conflict of interest. Gisela Sugranyes has received honoraria from Lundbeck and Janssen, and research support from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, the Brain and Behaviour Foundation, and the Government of Catalonia (PERIS 2017). Inmaculada Baeza has received honoraria and travel support from Otsuka-Lundbeck and Janssen, research support from Fundación Alicia Koplowitz, and grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

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Tor, J., Dolz, M., Sintes-Estevez, A. et al. Neuropsychological profile of children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome: the CAPRIS study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29, 1311–1324 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01459-6

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