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The associations of two novel inflammation indexes, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI), with periodontitis: evidence from NHANES 2009–2014

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Abstract

Objectives

The research’s goal is to look for any potential relationships between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the system inflammation response index (SIRI), along with inflammation indicators and the likelihood of periodontitis.

Methods

Ten thousand two hundred eighty-two individuals in sum were determined to be eligible for this cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2009 and 2014. Multiple logistic regression, generalized additive model, smooth curve fitting, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests were done for analyzing the association between periodontitis and SII, SIRI, and other inflammatory indicators.

Results

The analysis, adjusted for population weighting, revealed that individuals with moderate/severe periodontitis had SII levels of 545.46 (95% CI (529.10, 561.82), P = 0.0044) and SIRI levels of 1.33 (95% CI (1.29, 1.37), P < 0.0001). In a fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, SII was not sensibly associated with moderate/severe periodontitis among the continuous and quartile Q1–Q4 groups (OR = 0.97, 95% CI (0.91, 1.02)). The continuous variable of SIRI (OR = 1.11, 95% CI (1.06, 1.17)) and the quartile Q4 group (OR = 1.58, 95% CI (1.28, 1.94)) had a deemed significant positive association with moderate to severe periodontitis. In addition, other inflammatory indicators, especially NLR, PPN, PLR, MLR, PC, NC, and MC were observed to be notably involved moderate/severe periodontist in this research.

Conclusion

We explored the association between periodontitis and two novel comprehensive markers of inflammation (SII and SIRI).

Clinical relevance

These inflammatory markers are expected to serve as tools to assist clinicians in diagnosing periodontitis.

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Data availability

Data are all from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), available at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/.

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Funding

This research is supported by the Science and Technology Plan Project of Guiyang, Guizhou Province (2022–4-12–4).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China

    Shiyi Luo & Zhu Chen

  2. Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China

    Zefei Liu & Ruofeng Jiao

  3. Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 550005, Guizhou Province, China

    Ruofeng Jiao, Wei Li, Jiangling Sun, Su Ma & Zhu Chen

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou Province, China

    Jukun Song

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  1. Shiyi Luo
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Contributions

The goals and objectives about the research project were confirmed by Shiyi Luo and Zhu Chen, and Shiyi Luo made contributions to data processing and article writing. Important knowledge content has been collected, analyzed, and interpreted with the assist of Zefei Liu, Ruofeng Jiao, Wei Li, Jiangling Sun, and Su Ma. The article has undergone modifications from Zhu Chen and Jukun Song. Each author has granted their final permission and acknowledged responsibility for the work.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jukun Song or Zhu Chen.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

Our studies involving human participants were approved by the institutional review board of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Ethics Review Board. The patients/participants provided written informed consent to participate.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Key findings

In this study, we observed that SII was not significantly associated with moderate to severe periodontitis, and high levels of SIRI and other inflammatory indicators (include NLR, PPN, PLR, MLR, PC, NC, MC) were significantly associated with moderate to severe periodontitis.

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Luo, S., Liu, Z., Jiao, R. et al. The associations of two novel inflammation indexes, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI), with periodontitis: evidence from NHANES 2009–2014. Clin Oral Invest 28, 129 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-05529-1

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